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8282398
C3-Hardness of water
Description
GCSE Chemistry (C3) Mind Map on C3-Hardness of water, created by Lily O'Brien on 26/03/2017.
No tags specified
water
scale
scum
hard water
soft water
soft
hard
efficiency
aqa
chemistry
c3
chemistry
c3
gcse
Mind Map by
Lily O'Brien
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Lily O'Brien
over 7 years ago
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Resource summary
C3-Hardness of water
Soft water
Makes a nice lather with soap
No scum or scale
Cheaper - however no known health benefits
Hard water
Scum occurs when adding soap
Calcium and magnesium ions make the water hard
Reacts with soap to make scum which is insoluable
Need more soap to get a lather - more expensive
When heated, hard water forms scale (CaCO3) on the insides of pipes/kettles.
This reduces the efficiency and may need to be replaced. This can block pipes.
Rain falling on rocks such as limestone/chalk can dissolve compounds like MgSO4 (it is soluable)
Goof for teeth and bones and less risk of hear disease.
Temporary hard water - Softened by heating. Caused by hydrogencarbonate ions
Permanent hard water - Can only be softened by removing/replacing calcium/magnesium ions
Caused by dissolved calcium sulfate.
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