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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | Added to the Constitution to change it and make it better |
| Assimilate | To adjust to a group or nation's ways and attitudes |
| Bias | Being more lenient to one side than the other(s) |
| Bicameral | When a legislative body has two branches or houses |
| Blockade | When a group or army blocks out another army/town's way of passage |
| Boomtown | A town that has grown very rapidly because of sudden prosperity |
| Capitalism | A type of government that uses competition |
| Captain of Industry | People during the Gilded Age who earned lots of money using business skills and by being smart |
| Checks and Balances | When the branches of the government are able to check on what the other branches are doing to keep everything fair |
| Congress | The national legislative body of the United States |
| Due Process of Law | A person has the right to go to court before being put in jail |
| Economics | Something that deals with the production, consumption and distribution of goods and services |
| Emancipated | When someone or something is freed |
| Enfranchise | To be given the right to vote |
| Enumerated | When something is not listed |
| Federalism | National, state, and local governments |
| Forty-niners | People who rushed to California during the Gold Rush trying to make a living. |
| Free Enterprise | People are allowed to make their own businesses and leave them |
| Habeas Corpus | People are allowed to see a judge before they are put in prison |
| Industry | Manufacturing goods in factories |
| Judicial | Relating to a court |
| Ku Klux Klan | A group around the time of the Industrial Revolution who fought for white supremacy |
| Manifest Destiny | The belief that people should expand from coast to coast in the U.S. |
| Martyr | Someone who is willing to die for a religious cause |
| Monopoly | When an entire part of the market is controlled by one company |
| Nomadic | Moving locations a lot |
| Override | Dismiss a decision of someone else |
| Popular Sovereignty | The people are the source of the governments power |
| Ratify | To approve |
| Radical | Extreme |
| Republicanism | The belief that a government should be a republic |
| Robber Baron | Someone during the Gilded Age who would do anything for money |
| Rural | Not very industrialized, farms, etc. |
| Separation of Powers | Different branches of the government do different jobs |
| Social Darwinism | The theory that people are subject to natural selection |
| Suffrage | Having the right to vote |
| Supreme Court | The highest court in the U.S. Government |
| Tariff | A tax to be paid |
| Taxation without representation | People during the Revolutionary War were taxed for things they weren't able to vote on |
| Trade Union | When workers unite for fairness |
| Urban | A more industrialized area, cities, etc. |
| Veto | When a president declines a bill |
| Thomas Jefferson | The 3rd president of the United States. He helped write the Declaration of Independence and purchased the Louisiana Territory. |
| Andrew Jackson | The 17th president of the United States. He was a common man and was known for signing the Indian Removal Act. |
| Sacagawea | The Indian who led Lewis and Clark on their adventure through the Louisiana Territory. Without her they would not have survived. |
| James Polk | He was the 11th president of the United States and he bought a lot of land for the U.S. One of his more famous actions was the Oregon Treaty. |
| Frederick Douglass | He was an African American Abolitionist who had been through slavery. Something he is famous for is writing an autobiography about his experiences. |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | An abolitionist who had seen slavery happen. What she is most famous for is writing a very popular book at the time, Uncle Tom's Cabin. |
| John Brown | An abolitionist who used violence to get his point across. He led the Harpers Ferry raid to free slaves. |
| Robert E. Lee | The most famous Confederate general during the Civil War. He led the Army of Northern Virginia and surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse to end the Civil War. |
| Andrew Johnson | He is looked back at to be the worst president the U.S. every had. He is known as the veto president because he vetoed many bills. |
| Susan B. Anthony | One of the most famous woman's rights suffragists ever. She was at the very first women's rights convention ever in the U.S. |
| Sitting Bull | Sitting Bull was part of the Lakota tribe and fought for the Indians to keep their land. He was shot in the back of the head by an officer. |
| George Cluster | He was the general who lead the attack on the Lakota tribe. All of his men including him were killed. |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | He is viewed as both a Robber Baron and a Captain of Industry during the Gilded Age. He controlled most of the railroads during that time. |
| John Rockefeller | He was a Captain of Industry during the Gilded Age and made his money off oil. He donated nearly $200,000,000 and made his own university. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Most view him as a Robber Baron because of what a private army he hired did, they killed lots of workers. He made his money of of making steel, which America needed greatly at the time. |
| Jamestown | The very first town in America. Lots of tobacco was grown here. |
| Plymouth | Plymouth was where the Mayflower landed with lots of pilgrims. |
| Lexington and Concord | Lexington and Concord was the first battle of the Revolutionary War where America got their freedom. |
| Erie Canal | Erie Canal was a huge project by the United States to make shipping easier with the invention of steamboats. |
| The Alamo | The Alamo was a battle where the Mexican Army killed all of the Texan soldiers. |
| Harpers Ferry | John Brown led a raid here to gain control of one of the largest gun supplies in the U.S. |
| Fort Sumter | The first shots of the Civil War were fired here by the Confederacy. |
| Gettysburg | One of the biggest battles of the Civil War. About 50,000 soldiers were killed. |
| Appomattox Courthouse | This is where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant to end the Civil War. |
| Fords Theater | Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth here. |
| Promontory Point, Utah | This was where the railroads met and the U.S. finally had a transcontinental railroad. |
| Ellis Island and Angel Island | These islands were where immigrants would go to when coming to the U.S. |
| Declaration of Independence | This document was signed by many people and was how the United States became an independent country. |
| Revolutionary War | This war was fought between the U.S. and England and the underdogs won. England expected to win easily and keep control of the U.S. but lost. |
| Articles of Confederation | This was the first constitution of the United States but was considered to be too weak. It was eventually taken over by the bill of rights and all of the amendments. |
| Great Compromise | The great compromise added fairness to the power of states. Each state was given 2 senators and representatives depended on the population of the state. |
| Passing of the Constitution | The people would not allow the government to pass the Constitution without a Bill of Rights. They felt that they didn't have enough rights and that the government would have too much power. |
| Adding the Bill of Rights | The Bill of Rights consisted of 10 amendments. All of which gave the people rights that protected the peoples freedom. |
| Louisiana Purchase | Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory in 1803 from Napoleon. The land costed a very cheap 3 cents an acre. It was eventually explored by Lewis and Clark. |
| Missouri Compromise | In the Missouri Compromise Missouri became a slave state and Maine entered as a free state. All slavery was banned above the 36°30′ latitude line. |
| Indian Removal Act | This was signed by the president Andrew Jackson. Indians were forced to move out of their homes and had to live on areas called reservations. Many traveled the trail of tears to get there. |
| Mexican-American War | The Mexican American War was fought to gain possession of current day southwest United States. James K. Polk was president during this time. |
| California Gold Rush | The California Gold Rush was when many people went to California in hopes of finding gold and becoming rich. The miners who went out to California were called Forty-niners. |
| Homestead Act | The Homestead Act was when everyone rushed into the land of Oklahoma in hopes of getting a claim to start anew. The people who cheated and went out early were called sooners and the people who tried normally were boomers. |
| Industrial Revolution | During this time many people moved to cities to work in factories where things were mass produced. Child labor started becoming a growing problem and people were paid near to none. |
| Underground Railroad | The Underground Railroad was not actually underground, but a secretive path slaves could take to freedom. Harriet Tubman is famous for helping lots of slaves go along this trail to freedom. |
| Seneca Falls Convention | This was the very first women's rights convention in the United States. People such as Susan B. Anthony and Sojourner Truth were here and spoke. |
| Compromise of 1850 | In this compromise the Fugitive Slave Act was introduced. This meant that any runaway slave could be returned to their previous owners. This was a very bad thing for many African Americans in the north. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This created the Territory of Kansas which was fought over very much. The reason people were fighting was to determine if this state should be a slave state or a free state. |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | In this court case a slave owner had taken his slave into a free state and Scott was trying to sue for freedom. He was denied in a 7-2 decision court case. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | The Fugitive Slave Act was where any runaway slave could be returned to his master. Some people would lie and say that someone is a slave to get the reward. |
| Bleeding Kansas | Bleeding Kansas was when people were fighting over whether Kansas should be a slave or free state. The people fighting for freedom were Jayhawkers and for slavery were Bushwhackers. |
| Civil War | The Civil War was fought by the Union and Confederacy. The Confederacy wanted to become their own country. The Union wanted to have them back and be the United States again. About 620,000 soldiers died. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | The Emancipation Proclamation was signed by Abraham Lincoln and it freed all slaves in areas of rebellion. It was signed at a very strategic time and was considered to be a war tactic. |
| Civil War Draft Riots | During the Civil War people were drafted into the army but the rich would buy their way out. This angered many poorer people so they started riots and set cities on fire. |
| Gettysburg Address | The Gettysburg Address was a speech given by Abraham Lincoln after the battle of Gettysburg. It is said that he wrote it on the back of an envelope on his way there. It was a very inspirational speech and is a very important event. |
| Reconstruction | Reconstruction was the time period after the Civil War which ended in failure. If we had had a better president during Reconstruction it might have succeeded but we had our worst president ever, Andrew Johnson. |
| Civil War Amendments | These amendments were very crucial to today's society. They gave African Americans lots of rights that whites already had. These were birth rights, voting rights, and most importantly, they ended slavery. |
| Transcontinental Completion | The Transcontinental Railroad was completed by Irish and Chinese immigrants in 1869. The two railroads connected in Promontory, Utah. This allowed people to move out west with no risk. |
| Indian Wars | These Indian Wars were fought between the U.S. military and the Indians. The Indians were fighting to be able to stay on the land they were living on. The final battle that ended all of them was Wounded Knee where 200 Indians were killed. |
| Gilded Age | This was a very important part of American history because the economy started booming. The first billionaires rose using business skills, and workers started being treated fairly. |
| Populist Party | This party was against the rich and wanted equality for the poor. This political group consisted of mostly farmers. These farmers were dealing with crop failure, falling prices, and lots of other economic failures. |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | The Plessy vs. Ferguson case was a very important case involving racial segregation. Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow railroad car, breaking a law. Plessy's argument was declined by the court. It stood as one of the only racial segregation cases for about 50 years. |
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