Neuroanatomy Lecture I

The two main types of nervous system in the body are the [blank_start]central[blank_end] nervous system and the [blank_start]peripheral[blank_end] nervous system.

There are [blank_start]12[blank_end] pairs of cranial nerves and [blank_start]31[blank_end] pairs of spinal nerves

At 4 weeks development, the brain has 3 main regions. Name them.

At around 6-8 weeks development, the Prosencephalon goes on to form which two structures?

Which of the following regions of the brain goes on to form the cerebral hemisphere?

The Diencephalon consists of which of the two following structures?

The Rhombencephalon goes on to form which two structures?

Which of the following region of the brain forms the Midbrain?

The Myelencephalon forms the pons and the cerebellum.

[blank_start]Glial[blank_end] cells are the most common cell type in the CNS

Match the type of glial cell to its function: [blank_start]Astrocytes[blank_end] are the most numerous cell in the CNS, performing tasks such as maintaining environmental homeostasis and the blood brain barrier. Often star-shaped. [blank_start]Oligodendrocytes[blank_end] produce myelin in the CNS [blank_start]Microglia[blank_end] are cells of similar lineage to macrophages. They act as the immune cells of the CNS and conduct immune surveillance and antigen presentation. [blank_start]Ependymal[blank_end] cells line the open spaces of the brain that contains Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These cells are kind of like epithelial cells of the brain.

Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in both the CNS and PNS

A gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve is called the [blank_start]node[blank_end] of [blank_start]ranvier[blank_end]

Label the coronal slice through the brain.

The white matter of the brain contains neuronal cell axons

The grey matter of the brain contains neuronal [blank_start]cell bodies[blank_end]

How is the grey and white matter arranged in vertebrae?

The grey matter in vertebrae is divided into anterior, posterior, and occasionally lateral ... ?

Label the lateral view of the brain shown below.

In terms of the vertebrae, information arrives at the [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] horns via [blank_start]sensory[blank_end] neurons and exits the vertebrae at the [blank_start]anterior[blank_end] horns via [blank_start]motor[blank_end] neurons

The Pineal Gland is located in the [blank_start]Epithalamus[blank_end] and produces the hormone [blank_start]Melatonin[blank_end], which serves to modulate sleeping patterns.

The [blank_start]Corpus Callosum[blank_end] is the largest white matter tract in the brain, allowing communication between the left and right sides of the brain.

The Internal Capsule of the brain is ...

Located in the occipital part of the brain, the Calcarine Cortex is also known as the ...

The [blank_start]Cerebral Aqueduct[blank_end] joins the 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle, allowing transfer of CSF.

The central sulcus forms a barrier between which two lobes of the brain?

The [blank_start]Lateral[blank_end] Sulcus divides the Parietal lobe and the Temporal lobe

The 5th 'hidden' lobe of the brain is called the [blank_start]Insular[blank_end] lobe

The Insular lobe of the brain is important for an individual's experience of ...

From Superficial to Deep name the three meninges. [blank_start]Dura[blank_end] mater [blank_start]Arachnoid[blank_end] mater [blank_start]Pia[blank_end] mater

The [blank_start]Enteric[blank_end] nervous system is the 3rd type of nervous system, separate from the CNS and PNS, that controls the gut.

Label the arterial supply to the brain using the diagram below.

What gives rise to the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries?

Which arteries supply each area of the brain?

Blood from the brain drains into the [blank_start]cavernous[blank_end] sinuses, then into the [blank_start]dural venous[blank_end] sinuses, then into the [blank_start]internal jugular[blank_end] vein.

The limbic lobe is considered to be the 6th lobe of the brain. It is mainly composed of which part of the brain overlying the lateral ventricles? The [blank_start]Cingulate[blank_end] Gyrus

Name the sulcus which separates the parietal from the occipital lobes of the brain. The [blank_start]Parieto-occipital[blank_end] sulcus