Theories of Crime

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A-Levels Psychology Quiz on Theories of Crime, created by tomrees6 on 11/06/2013.
tomrees6
Quiz by tomrees6, updated more than 1 year ago
tomrees6
Created by tomrees6 almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What are the three theories of crime that we're studying?
Answer
  • Biological Theories of Crime
  • Psychological Theories of Crime
  • Social Theories of Crime

Question 2

Question
In relation to biological theories of crime and family planning, what did Osborn and West find?
Answer
  • That 14% of children with adoptive parents had a criminal record.
  • That 13% of sons with non-criminal fathers had convictions, while 20% of sons with criminal fathers had convictions.
  • That 21% of adoptive parents had committed a crime, and this environmental influence was passed on in 60% of cases.

Question 3

Question
Supporting Osborn and West's findings, what did Mednick et al. find?
Answer
  • That in the conviction cases of over 14,000 adoptees, the evidence pointed to a genetic influence, as opposed to an environmental one.
  • That in the rape cases of over 15,000 post-adoption adults, environmental influences were more prominent.
  • That in the conviction cases of over 20,000 adopted children, the evidence pointed to a genetic influence, as opposed to an environmental one.

Question 4

Question
What did Bohman find that supported Mednick's evidence?
Answer
  • That 13% of sons with a criminal record had a biological parent who was a criminal, and 21% of sons with a criminal record had an adoptive parent who was a criminal.
  • That 12% of sons who had a criminal record had a biological parent who was a criminal, and 7% of sons with a criminal record had an adoptive parent who was a criminal.
  • That 10% of sons with a criminal record had a biological parent who was a criminal, and 9% of sons had an adoptive parent who was not a criminal.

Question 5

Question
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
Answer
  • The idea that an observers opinion is the best of all opinions.
  • The idea that an observers opinion of an observed subject can make the subject less likely to commit a crime.
  • The idea that an observers opinion of an observed subject can produce and elicit certain behaviour.

Question 6

Question
What is recidivism?
Answer
  • Supported and explained by the self fulfilling prophecy, it is an idea that states that a criminal label is hard to shift after being labelled, and therefore promotes subsequent judgement that adds to the self concept of crime.
  • This answer is wrong.

Question 7

Question
What did Madon find about the self-fulfilling prophecy (SFP)?
Answer
  • Researched old aged pensioners, and found that when rocks were thrown at them, in 78% of cases they would die a horrible death.
  • Researched underage drinking and mothers and found that when mothers expected their children to drink more, this expectation was often fulfilled.
  • Researched underage drinking and fathers, and found that when fathers expected their children to drink less, they were more likely to abuse this trust.
  • I hate niggers.

Question 8

Question
What did Bandura suggest about the social theory of crime in his social learning theory?
Answer
  • That children cannot learn aggressive behaviour.
  • That children learn aggressive behaviour through trial and error.
  • That children primarily learn through either internal role model relation, or external vicarious reinforcement.

Question 9

Question
What else effects social learning according to Bandura?
Answer
  • The characteristics of the learner, such as self-esteem.
  • The characteristics of the role models.

Question 10

Question
What did Eron find to support Bandura's ideas?
Answer
  • No correlation.
  • A negative correlation between TV violence and aggressive behaviour in children.
  • A positive correlation between TV violence and aggressive behaviour in children.
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