Rome Notes

The Punic Wars “The Carthage Wars” - Very intimidating with more men than the Spartans (city-state vs. empire) - 500 B.C. -just the city of Rome Rome vs. Carthage: Rome -controls the Italian boot, younger (up & coming) Carthage has the African coastline, islands, land in Spain; advantage; feels stronger than the Romans; best navy in the world -not constant fighting -3 major period wars; heats up; then tense peace agreement. -Carthage considered the stronger power in the beginning  First Punic Was  264 B.C.- 241 B.C. Causes: Actions: -Mutual fear -20 year war -battle at the sea -Carthage fears Rome will -Carthage stronger navy at first  take Sicily (island boat) -Rome fears Carthage will -Rome steals a Carthaginian boat & copies the design   dominate Mediterranean & to look like a stronger, better Carthaginian boat; limit Roman expansion    redesigns navy Results: -Carthage feels like it has an advantage, Rome rises up, and Carthage asks for peace -Rome receives: Money Sicily and other islands -Big victory to start Roman expansion into Mediterranean  Second Punic Wars    218-201 B.C. Actions: -Carthage invades Italy  Carthaginian General: Hannibal- one of Carthage’s best leader; invades Italy with an army of war elephants -Romans counterattack on the city Carthage -Roman General Scipio leads troops into North Africa -Scipio defeats Hannibal Results: -Carthage asks for peace Rome receives: Money Spain Greece Third Punic War  149-146 B.C. Causes: Actions: -Roman goal -destroy Carthage -Rome attacks weakened Carthage -Rome declares war Results: -Rome receives Carthage  Destroy city Enslave citizens Sow fields with salt Problems in “New” Rome -Republic style of government inadequate for empire -Senate overpowers other branches -Bribery & corruption grow in government  Conquered People Gladiator Fights Chariot Racing Gladiator Fights: Place: Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheatre)  Built: 100 A.D. Capacity: 50,000 Floor: Trap doors, hidden rooms, different compartments -little concern for loss of human life Chariot Racing: Place: Circus Maximus Capacity: 250,000 Spina: Central wall that displays artifacts -horse-drawn chariots -high speed -crashes -”Dirty Plays”   

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