753411
Description
Mind Map by Eva Clifton, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Eva Clifton
over 10 years ago
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Rise of Fascism in Italy
1919-1922
- 1919
- March 1919
- first meeting - 100 members
- list of demands
- replace Monarchy with a Republic
- confiscate property of
the Catholic Church
- peasant ownership of land and
worker management of industry
- high taxation on the rich
- National Minimum Wage
- votes for women
- replace Monarchy with a Republic
- first meeting - 100 members
- failed in 1919 election
- 5,000 out of 270,000
votes in Milan
- only 4,000 registered
supporters
- 5,000 out of 270,000
votes in Milan
- Mussolini observed that the Liberals couldn't
deal with Socialist threat - very important
- March 1919
- Rural Italy
- 'Socialist Leagues' recruited
poor farm workers
- Socialism was a threat to
landowners and richer
farmers
- in Tuscany, Emilia and Bologna
squadrisimo (Fascist groups) were
invited to attack Socialist groups
- in Tuscany, Emilia and Bologna
squadrisimo (Fascist groups) were
invited to attack Socialist groups
- 1920-21 - Fascists destroyed 80 Socialist trade
union offices - 200 dead and over 800 wounded
- 'Socialist Leagues' recruited
poor farm workers
- Fascist supporters
- farm managers,
landowners,
richer farmers
- 50% were soldiers
- Middle-class students (10%)
- 25% were below voting age
- 1921 - over 200,000 supporters
- those who despised the
'Mutilated Victory'
- farm managers,
landowners,
richer farmers
- Was Fascism a strong
contender in 1922?
- had 500,000 members
by 1922 and unofficially
controlled some areas
of Italy
- Successive Liberal governments
had allowed Fascism to grow - too
afraid to fight it
- July 1922 - looked as though
Socialists, Liberals and Catholics
would join together to form and
anti-Fascist government
- Giolitti withdrew his support
- Anti-Fascist alliances failed
- Anti-Fascist alliances failed
- Giolitti withdrew his support
- 1920 - Socialists are facing
a decline in power -
damaged by Fascist attacks
and growing unemployment
decreased their popularity
- A decline in socialism could
have killed off Fascism -
Fascists had to exaggerate
Socialist threat to survive
- August 1922 Socialists try
to strike but it collapses after
2 days - Fascists still took
credit for crushing it
- A decline in socialism could
have killed off Fascism -
Fascists had to exaggerate
Socialist threat to survive
- 1922 - Still disagreements
regarding how to take power - the
Ras (squadristi) leaders wanted to
seize it by force but Mussolini
wanted to gain power legally
- had 500,000 members
by 1922 and unofficially
controlled some areas
of Italy
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