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4323999
Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil - Digit Span
Description
AS - Level Psychology (Cognitive) Mind Map on Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil - Digit Span, created by Sam Naidoo on 18/01/2016.
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as level psychology
psychology
sebastian and hernandez gil
digit span
sam naidoo
psychology
cognitive
as - level
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Sam Naidoo
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Sam Naidoo
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Resource summary
Sebastian and Hernandez-Gil - Digit Span
Aim
wanted to study the developmental pattern of working memory over time
changes from ageing. eg.'dementia'
analyse the developmental pattern of the phonological loop in children aged 5-17 years
looking at the age at which the digit span stopped 'increasing in adulthood/adolescence'
look at the decline of digit span in older people including those with dementia
to see if anglo-saxon data were replicated or if higher for spanish speakers
Procedure
first part
gathered primary data
used 5-17 year olds
all born in spain
none had learning difficulties
control for education and cognitive differences
Second part
used secondary data
elderly people without impairment
with alzheimers and fronto-temperol dementia
used 25 healthier older people as a control group
25 alzheimers
9 fronto-temperol dementia
Results
the preschool children aged five years had a very low digit span
6-8 year olds had a very similar digit span
the increase in one digit, occured at 9 years old and rose to 11 years old
older children had similar digit span to one another
differed from age groups above them
similar digit span was found in 15-17 year olds
researchers compared their data to data from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children who digit span increases with age
the healthier older people had a higher digit span
alzheimers dementia participants had the lowest mean digit span
Conclusions
main conclusion = digit span increases with age from 5-17 years old
contrasts with anglo-saxon data
sebastian and hernandez-gil highlighted the differences in word length between Spanish and English
spanish digit words are longer than english digit words
subvocal rehearsal does not start until 7 years old
English studies aged 5-6, digit span was around four which matches the spanish study
digit span of the healthy older people was similar to that of a 7 year old - shows there is a decline in digit span with age
the capacity of the phonological loop seems to be affected by the age but not by dementia
Strengths
the results are reliable because it was compared with data in the spanish population and with other studies
WISC-IV data showed a very similar pattern in development - increasing up to age 17
careful controls were used in the study
they used spanish children and the spanish language - control varaibles
they analyse not only for actual age using school years but also for age group so they have information from which to draw conclusions
Weaknesses
the task is artificial - we don't generally recall lists of digits
lack of validity
although experiments lack validity because of the controls and artifically of the tasks
the digits are subvocalised by the spanish speakers
the word length had affected the digit span
the study was done using spanish speakers only
the study doesn't show at what age the decrease might start
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