28616515
Description
Mind Map by Batoul jahed, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Batoul jahed
over 3 years ago
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fracture in the arm
- first aid of fractures
- 1. Stop bleeding 2. Avoid moving the
affected area 3. Cool the affected area 4.
Treat the patient's shock 5. Call the
ambulance
- 1. Stop bleeding 2. Avoid moving the
affected area 3. Cool the affected area 4.
Treat the patient's shock 5. Call the
ambulance
- A fracture is a break in the continuity of a bone or cartilage.
- common causes: falls, car
accidents, direct blow,
pathological
- pathological causes: osteoporosis, low BMD
- pathological causes: osteoporosis, low BMD
- signs and symptoms: pain, bleeding,
numbness, swelling and tenderness,
limitation of movement
- common causes: falls, car
accidents, direct blow,
pathological
- types of bone fractures
- Salter-Harris Fractures
- Fractures that involve the epiphyseal plate alone or in combination with a part of the bone.
- Fractures that involve the epiphyseal plate alone or in combination with a part of the bone.
- brachial plexus
- the sets of nerves supplying the shoulder, upper and lower hand
- bone fractures can affect the nerves near the fracture
- eg: wrist drop, the radial nerve is affected
- physiotherapy for wrist drop
- wrist flexion and extension stretch, supination, grip strengthening
- wrist flexion and extension stretch, supination, grip strengthening
- physiotherapy for wrist drop
- eg: surgical neck fractures can cause damage to the axillary nerve
- eg: wrist drop, the radial nerve is affected
- the sets of nerves supplying the shoulder, upper and lower hand
- Management of Bone Fracture
- Stop any bleeding immobilization
- put a Plaster casts or plastic functional braces
- cast types :
- plastic, synthetic, splint (half cast), cast brace
- plastic, synthetic, splint (half cast), cast brace
- Cast complications
- Compartment syndrome
- pressure sores
- Thermal Injuries
- Dermatitis
- Joint stiffness
- Compartment syndrome
- cast types :
- fracture may require surgery, metal plates inserted and physiotherapy
- Stop any bleeding immobilization
- anatomy of the arm
- + the radius and ulna
- Fracture healing
- direct (primary) healing
- Indirect (secondary) healing
- steps :
- acute inflammation
- Mesenchymal stem cell (MSc) recruitment
- Callus formation
- Neo-angiogenesis
- Resorption and replacement of soft cartilaginous callus by hard callus
- Remodeling of bone
- acute inflammation
- direct (primary) healing
- Sensory Neurons
- 5 main types
- photoreceptors
- chemoreceptors
- mechanoreceptros
- thermoreceptors
- nociceptors (pain)
- photoreceptors
- 5 main types
- Neurological examination of the upper limbs
- used to assess
- Tone, Reflexes, Power and
Sensory function
- Tone, Reflexes, Power and
Sensory function
- examines the shoulder, elbow and wrists
- used to assess
- radiography and x-rays
- types : X-rays and fluoroscopy
- it detects :
- fractures. dislocation, subluxation
- fractures. dislocation, subluxation
- types : X-rays and fluoroscopy
- Psychological Complications after a bone fracture
- Adjustment Disorder
(Situational Depression)
- Acute stress disorder/
Post-traumatic stress
disorder
- Depression and anxiety
- limiting participation in
physical activities
- Ways to Cope
- an exercise that does not put undue
stress on your healing limb
- seek support from family member/care giver
- online support groups
- an exercise that does not put undue
stress on your healing limb
- Adjustment Disorder
(Situational Depression)
- Bone Tissue
- specialized hard type of C.T., with calcified extra-cellular matrix
- rich blood supply
- Dynamic( constantly changes shape
- covered all around my the bone membrane called the periosteum
- periosteum has a v.rich blood supply +
provides stem cells for bone repair and
growth
- periosteum has a v.rich blood supply +
provides stem cells for bone repair and
growth
- endosteum: lines the bone marrow
- Bone Cells
- Osteoprogenitor cells
- Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
- Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
- Osteoblasts
- The stem cells of the bones
- The stem cells of the bones
- Osteocytes
- mature bone cells
- mature bone cells
- Osteoclasts
- bone destroying cells
- bone destroying cells
- Osteoprogenitor cells
- specialized hard type of C.T., with calcified extra-cellular matrix
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