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14497861
Year one: Brain and behaviour
Description
Mind Map on Year one: Brain and behaviour, created by Molly Walker on 30/07/2018.
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psychology
university
brain and behaviour
year one
year one psychology
a level
Mind Map by
Molly Walker
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Molly Walker
about 6 years ago
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Resource summary
Year one: Brain and behaviour
Neurons and synapses
Neurons
Cajal showed neurons are individual units, separated by a gap called a synapse.
Golgi stain
The use of silver nitrate to stain neurons
Allows the structure of a neuron to be seen
Neuron structure
Dendrite
Receives inputs from other neurons
Axon
Transmits signals across distances
Synaptic terminals
Release neurontransmitters
Cell body (soma)
Carries out basic life functions
Node of ranvier
Gaps in the axon that increase the speed of transmission
Myelin
Insulating layer made of fatty substances and protein
Nucleus
Contains chromosomes and genes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Folded layers of membrane where proteins are assembled
Mitochondria
Structure that gathers, stores and releases energy
Dendritic spine
Small protrusion on dendrites that increase surface area
Intracellular fluid
Fluid in which the cell's internal structures are suspended
Tubule
Tiny tube that transports molecules and helps give it it's shape
Lysosomes
Sacs containing enzymes breaking down waste
Microfilaments
Threadlike fibres making up a large amount of the cell's "skeleton"
Size and shape
Interneurons - short or no axons
Neurons with massive dendrites often integrate information from many others
Long axons - transmit information over long distances
E.g. neurons going from the motor cortex to the spinal cord
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