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Description
Flashcards by Craig Wilkinson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Craig Wilkinson
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is intelligence? | A hypothetical mental ability that enables people to direct their thinking, adapt to their circumstances and learn from their experiences. It is a psychological construct; inferred rather than observed directly. |
| Define IQ. | The intelligence quotient is an index of an individual's intelligence score. It falls on a normal distribution with a mean of 100. |
| Define g. | General intelligence is the concept of intelligence as a single factor that influences all cognitive functioning. |
| Define fluid intelligence. | A fundamental factor in intelligence that represents the ability to think and reason on your feet; does not require previous knowledge, but rather a pure, culture-free element of performance. |
| Describe the single construct explanation of intelligence, | 'g' determines how you perform on each ability, which correlates with how good you perform on other activities. |
| Describe the multiple constructs explanation of intelligence. | A classical gf and gc combo. Intelligence is both your cognitive functioning and stored factual information. Simply, academic smart and life smart. |
| What are some issues with the IQ test? | 1) Altered to fit a normal distribution. 2) No clear definition of intelligence 3) Effects of nurture |
| What is the influence of nature/nurture on intelligence? | Twins studies found that there was a stronger correlation between MZ twins reared apart than non-twin siblings reared together. Other studies suggest a larger nurture influence; both are important. |
| What biological factors might affect intelligence? | 1) Nutrition; vitamins etc for brain development 2) lead 3) prenatal factors |
| How might the family environment affect intelligence? | 1) enriched environment 2) family size 3) birth order 4) socio-economic status |
| How might education affect intelligence? | Length of schooling |
| What is the Flynn effect? | Systematic increase in IQ scores observed over the 20th century. |
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