679512
Description
Flashcards by Danielle Thibeadeaux, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Danielle Thibeadeaux
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Hydroxyl groups of sugars can be converted to ethers using a _____ and an _____ ________ by a version of the ________ ether _______. | Hydroxyl groups of sugars can be converted to ethers using a base and an alkyl halide by a version of the Williamson ether synthesis. |
| _______ ethers are commonly used to protect ______ groups in sugars. | Benzyl(C6H5CH2) ethers are commonly used to protect hydroxyl groups in sugars. |
| Benzyl halides are _______ introduced because they are highly ________ in ______ reactions. | Benzyl halides are easily introduced because they are highly reactive in SN2 reactions. |
| ______ _______ or ________ _______ is typically used as the base in an aprotic solvent such as DMF or DMSO. | Sodium hydride or potassium hydride is typically used as the base in an aprotic solvent such as DMF or DMSO. |
| The benzyl group can later be easily removed by _________ using a _________ catalyst. | The benzyl group can later be easily removed by hydrogenolysis using a palladium catalyst. |
| The hydroxyl groups of ___________ are more ________ than those of ordinary alcohols due to the many _____________ atoms in the sugar | The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharides are more acidic than those of ordinary alcohols due to the many electronegative atoms in the sugar. |
| In aqueous _____ the hydroxyl groups are all converted to ________ ions and each reacts with dimethyl sulfate in an ____ reaction to yield a _______ ether. This process is called ____________ | In aqueous NAOH the hydroxyl groups are all converted to alkoxide ions and each reacts with dimethyl sulfate in an SN2 reaction to yield a methyl ether. This process is called exhaustive methylation. |
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