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Description
Flashcards by mollywilding33, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mollywilding33
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Distinguish between a Food and a Nutrient. | Food: Any substance intended for human consumption. Nutrients: Any substance obtained from food and used in the body to provide energy. They are proteins, fats and oils,carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals. |
| Function of carbohydrates | They provide energy, store energy, give structure to plants, and are a precursor for other molecules |
| Functions of Proteins | Biological catalysts (enzymes), helping maintaining structure, an energy source, hormones, transport (haemoglobin) |
| Function of Lipids | Energy storage, insulation and protection of organs, steroid hormones, structure of cell membrane |
| Primary sources of Vitamins and minerals | Fruit and Vegetables |
| Functions of Vitamins | Vit A: helping vision Vit D: Bone strength |
| Chemical composition of Lipids | Composed of an ester molecule made of a glycerol and three fatty acids. |
| Chemical composition of carbohydrates | Monosaccarides: Aldehydes or ketones with 1 carbonyl group and at least 2 hydroxyl groups. Ring structure present in solution. E.g. Glucose, fructose Disaccharaides: formed in the condensation of two or more monosaccharaides. E.g. Maltose |
| Chemical composition of proteins (Primary) | Amino acids joined in a straight chain |
| Chemical composition of proteins (Secondary) | Straight chained protein molecule that has folded. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds holds the folds in place |
| Chemical composition of proteins (tertiary) | 3D structure of a coiled and folded protein molecule held in place by variety of different intermolecular bonds |
| Chemical composition of proteins (quaternary) | Separate chains of protein molecules |
| Describe the differences in structure between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids |
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