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Flashcards by Tasha Rosen, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Tasha Rosen
almost 4 years ago
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Copied by Tasha Rosen
almost 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| anterior posterior | towards the front of the body towards the back of the body |
| medial lateral | towards the imaginary midline of the body away from the imaginary midline of body |
| proximal distal | a body part closer to its attachment point a body part further away from its attachment point |
| superficial deep | a body part closer to the surface of the body a body part further away from the surface |
| sagittal plane | divides body into left + right eg. run, walk, cycle, swim (movements going forward and backward) |
| frontal plane | divides body into anterior + posterior eg. jump, squat (movements going up and down) |
| transverse plane | divides body into superior + inferior eg. dance, goaly, side step (movements going side to side) |
| support the body | provides framework + gives body its shape |
| movement | skeletal system helps w movement. the bones are the levres upon which our muscles pull |
| protecting organs | skull protects brain, ribs protect heart/lungs |
| storage of minerals | stores mineral salts, especially calcium |
| blood production | blood cell formation- long bones contain bone marrow (produce new RBC-carry oxygen + some WBC-fight infection) |
| appendicular skeleton | limbs- arms, legs, hips, waist |
| axial skeleton | middle part of skeleton- skull, spine, ribs |
| cervical vertebrae | 7 bones, make up the neck, responsible for supporting the head |
| thoracic vertebrae | 12 bones, connect rib cage to spine, protect heart/lungs (chest) |
| lumbar vertebrae | 5 bones, largest of the vertebrae, high weight (lower back) |
| sacrum | 5 bones (fused- stuck together), fused to pelvis, distribute weight of upper body |
| coccyx | 4 bones (fused), also called the tailbone, provides a site for muscle attachment |
| joints | where 2 or more bones meet, can be immovable or free moving |
| fixed/ fibrous | no movement, eg. clavicle, skull, pelvis |
| cartilaginous | slight movement, eg. ribs, lumbar vertebrae |
| synovial | free movement, eg. phalanges, hip, knee, cervical/ thoracic vertebrae |
| pivot joint | rotation of 1 joint around another, eg. head pivoting around neck |
| gliding joint | gliding movement, eg. carpals/tarsals (where flat bones glide past each other) |
| ball & socket joint | flexion, extension. adduction, abduction. internal + external rotation. eg. shoulder, hip |
| hinge joint | flexion, extension, eg. knee, elbow |
| saddle joint | flexion, extension. adduction, abduction. circumduction. eg. joint of the thumb |
| condyloid joint | flexion, extension. adduction, abduction. circumduction. eg. wrist |
| flexion extension | angles btw bones decreased angles btw bones increased |
| dorsiflexion plantarflexion | occurs at ankle where toes point towards tibia occurs at ankle where toes point down + heal is raised |
| circumduction rotation | occurs when limb moves in circular fashion (usually ball & socket) eg. wrist, thumb(saddle) occurs when bone turns on its own axis within a joint eg. medial rotation = rotation towards midline |
| supination pronation | occurs when forearm is rotated, turning the hand from palms down to up palm up to down |
| inversion eversion | occurs when sole of foot is turned inwards towards midline of body foot turned outwards towards midline |
| abduction adduction | movement of a body part away from imaginary midline of body (abducted- taken away) towards midline of body (add- taken back in) |
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