283591
Description
Flashcards by Niat Habtemariam, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Niat Habtemariam
about 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| metaphor | a comparison not using like or as |
| Simile | A direct comparison of two dissimilar things using words like or as. |
| alliteration | The repeating of initial consonants sounds in nearby words |
| antithesis | contrast; direct opposite of or to |
| Assonance | Poetry that contains rhyming vowels |
| Allusion | A reference, explicit or implicit, to something in literature or history. |
| Bandwagon | Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something is attempted form of validation |
| Plain folks | convince the public that the views reflect those of the common person and that they are also working for the benefit of the common person. |
| Transfer | Applying previous experiences and knowledge to learning or problem solving in a new situation. Propaganda selling technique. Feelings that you have for them to a new product. |
| glittering generalities | appeal to beautiful sounding, but vague words An Example is: "Yes We Can" (Barack Obama) |
| Logical fallacies | an argument that does not conform to the rules of logic, but appears to be sound A false conclusion based on truth |
| Hyperbole | - a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to achieve emphasis - opposite of understatement |
| Ciceronian Triad | grouped words, phrases or clauses in threes. pleasing literary figure, each member of the triad should be longer than the preceding or the third one should be longer than the rest, Build the intensity as it goes. |
| repetition | reiteration of the same word or set of words |
| Rhetorical Question | Questions that do not require an answer because their answers are obvious |
| Personification | the attribution of human qualities to object or abstract notions |
| Irony | In language, a discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. In life, a discrepancy between what is expected and what occurs. |
| dramatic irony | the readers/audience knows something that the main character does not |
| verbal irony | one thing is said, but the opposite is meant. It is often ambiguous, having a double meaning |
| situational irony | when an occurrence is contrary to what is expected (Example: A waterpark burning down.) |
| onomatopoeia | use of words that are pronounced like the sound they make |
| Foreshadowing | The use of clues in a literary work to suggest events that have yet to occur; used to create suspense. |
| Flashback | interruption to see something that already happened. |
| Symbolism | The use of any object, person, place, or action that not only has a meaning in itself but also stands for something larger. |
| headlines | an identifying tag at the top of the news story, cueing readers in on the content and relative importance of the story |
| captions | helps reader understand a picture or photograph |
| graphics | items other than text such as photographs |
| Bullet points. | a block or paragraph of text that has a symbol placed in front to make the section of text stand out |
| Implied meaning | Meaning isn't necessarily obvious in the statement |
| Explicit Meaning | What the message literally states |
| adjectives | describe a person, place, or thing |
| Stage Directions | A play's written instruction. Tells how a character should look, speak, move and behave. |
| Introductions | 1. Gain attention of the audience members 2. Make them want to listen to speech 3. Provide them w/ an overview of the subject you discuss |
| Body Paragraphs | transition Topic Sentence (can be combined with transition) Support (quote) Support/explain the quote Transition |
| Thesis | the primary position taken by a writer or speaker |
| transitions(also called connectives) | words, phrases, or sentences that tie the speech ideas together and enable the speaker to move smoothly from one point to the next |
| Conclusions | do the results of the experiments support the hypothesis or not? |
| Emotional Appeal | When a writer appeals to an audience's emotions (often through "pathos") to excite and involve them in the argument. |
| Personal Opinion | Opinion = strong behavioral inclination personal opinions form as a result of strong attitudes |
| anecdotal evidence | this form of evidence is typically composed of stories |
| Statistical Evidence | –numericalsupport-summary of large number of cases (describes the masses) –Percentage,odds, etc. –Strength:many times is research based |
| complex sentences | at least one dependent and independent clause Ex: Although it was raining, I decided to take a walk. |
| Compound Sentences | Consist of 2 or more simple sentences joined by a conjunction such as "and" or "but." |
| Compound-Complex Sentences | Has at least 2 independent clauses and 1 additional subodinate clause. "Joelle is reading a book, but I am watching Mythbusters, which is my favorite show. |
| Semicolon | joins independent clauses in a compound sentence with no coordinating conjunction Joins independent clauses if either has a comma before transitional experssion that joins seperate lists that have commas in them between independent and dependent clause |
| Parallel Structure | words in a sentences written exactly with the same grammatical structure. |
| Ethos | Appeal to ethics; the self image a writer creates to gain audience's trust-based on honesty and credibility. |
| pathos | means persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions |
| Logos | Based on logic and reasoning |
| Works Cited | list of all sources cited in your paper on its own page always title "Works Cited", centered, no bold or italics must use publication markers no URLS ABC order if publisher unknown, infer and put brackets |
| attention grabbers | - ask a question - start with a quote - tell a story - start with a stat/fact - start with a relevant study |
| Titles | Should be interesting, related to your purpose, and use literary devices to make appealing. |
| voice | the personality and distinct way of "talking on paper" that allow the reader to"hear" personality in a piece of writing |
| sentence fluency | Using a variety of sentence structures and punctuation in flow. |
| Organization | makes comprehension easier 1. good paragraphing 2. transitions 3. topic sentences 4. concluding sentences 5. appropriate vocabulary for audience (technical vs. elementary) 6. sufficient context |
| Word Choice | Applying Strong Verbs Selecting Striking Words and Phrases Using Specific and Accurate Words Choosing Words That Deepen Meaning |
| Ideas | -Presents an original idea -Topic is focused -One clear, main idea -Interesting, important details for support -Writer understands topic well |
| Brainstorming strategies | a. Free-writing b. Listing / Bulleting c. Webbing d. Research on the topic |
| Reading Strategies | Make predictions Visualize Ask and Answer questions Retell and summarize Previous knowledge |
| Tone | the author or speaker's attitude toward the subject |
| formal tone | this kind of tone is appropriate for business communication |
| sarcasm | a cutting often ironic remark intended to wound |
| Imagery | Mental pictures; A powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with encoding meaning. |
| Analogy | An analogy is a point-by-point comparison between two things for the purpose of clarifying the less familiar or the two subjects. |
| What is subject-verb agreement? | a verb must agree with its subject in number |
| concise | Expressing much in few words; clear and succinct. |
| vivid | very distinct and sharp; very realistic |
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