13049260
Description
Flashcards by J yadonknow, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by J yadonknow
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Components + function of urinary system (4) | Kidneys = urine production = excretion and regulation Ureters = urine transfer to bladder Bladder = urine storage = elimination Urethra = urine release = elimination |
| What are the adrenal glands comprised of and what hormones do they release? | Cortex and medulla Corticosteroids + Aldosterone Adrenaline + Noradrenaline |
| What are their functions? | Cortex - Na+/H2O retention, increase BP and volume Medulla - fight or flight response |
| What is the location of the kidneys? | T12-L3, retroperitoneal |
| Why is the right kidney inferior? | Liver |
| Draw a diagram of a transverse cut of kidneys | Ant. Post. Rich blood supply necessitates heavy protection. |
| What is the function of the renal capsule? | Protect + regulates size of kidney |
| What surrounds the R. capsule? | Layers of perinephric fat R. Fascia |
| What are the R. fascia? | Collagenous suspensory fibres |
| Draw a diagram of a kidney (8) | Renal lobe Renal pyramids Minor calyx Medulla Major calyx R. pelvis Cortex R. column |
| How do these compartments relate? (5) | Cortex sends projections to R. Columns Divides kidney into R. Pyramids Which collectively form R. Medulla Cortex + Pyra = R. lobe Location of nephron the functional unit of the kidney |
| Nephron diagram (14) | Glomerulus CB Eff art. Aff art. PCT Vasa recta DCT LOH Peritubular cavity Interlobular vein Cortex Medulla CD Pelvis |
| Nephron functioning (6) | CD spans length of lobe from out cort -> medulla Emerges at R. papillae Urine passed to minor calyx around R. pap Collect into major calyx Pass through R. pelvis Located in R. sinus |
| Renal circulation (5) | interlobular artery arcuate artery segmental artery renal artery renal vein |
| Ureters (3) | Retroperitoneal throughout length Compression close off ureters like one-way valve Prevents backflow |
| Bladder surfaces | superior inferolateral x2 ^^ meet at apex posterior |
| What is the triangle of the bladder? | Between ureters and urethra Smooth trigone surface funnels urine down to urethra Rest is thrown into rugae |
| What are the muscular walls of bladder formed by? | Detrouser muscle |
| Men vs. Women urethra | Men - s shaped 4 curves women - share pelvic cavity |
| What do external urethral sphincters do? | External prevent reflex of semen into bladder |
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