12401257
Description
Flashcards by Ashutosh Kumar, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashutosh Kumar
about 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Leptospirosis: Etiology: Clinical features: Dx: Rx: | Leptospirosis: Etiology: Spirochaete bacterium Leptospira Most common occupationally acquired disease in NZ (animals to humans; zoonotic) Transmitted in urine of infected animals Clinical features: Hx: Acute initial phase (3-9 days): fevers, chills, headache, myalgia and conjunctival suffusion (redness of the conjunctiva without inflammatory exudates) Conjunctival suffusion key Intermediate phase: 2-3 days of being okay Second phase is the immune phase: Serum IgM antibodies increase. Hallmark meningitis. More severe manifestation: Weil’s disease: renal failure, jaundice (liver failure) and bleeding. Severe pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome: bleeding into lungs. O/E: Vitals: Tachy, febrile Eyes: Conjunctival suffusion Chest: Respiratory complications Abdomen: Hepatosplenomegaly possible Other: Calf and paraspinal muscle tenderness relatively specific Dx: Acute and convalescent serology samples Rx: Doxycycline |
| Listeriosis: Etiology: Clinical features: Dx and Rx: | Listeriosis: Etiology: Caused by Listeria monocytogenes Unpasteurised milk and milk products, processed meat products, cold pre-cooked meats, uncooked seafood and raw vegetables. Infected farm material Clinical features: Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, fever, myalgia and fatigue, 1-3 days. Complications: Pregnant women, very young children, elderly and immunocompromised. Dx: Median incubation 3 weeks; difficult to differentiate from other diarrhoeal illnesses so discuss with infectious diseases specialist if infection likely to guide investigation and Rx. |
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Orf Etiology: Parapox viral infection of the skin Contact with Infected sheep or goats Farmers, shearers and anyone bottle feeding lambs. Can also acquire from infected pasture. Clinical features: Lesions 2-3 cm. Rx: Incubation 5-6 days, resolves spontaneously over 6 weeks. |
| Bite wounds: Rx: | Bite wounds: Infection is often polymicrobial Amoxyclav or metronidazole + doxycycline or co-trimoxazole |
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