115347
Description
Flashcards by Adam O'Rourke, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Adam O'Rourke
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Atkinson and Shiffrin | Their model describes memory in terms of information flowing through stores and processes |
| Sensory Memory | Sperling 3 rows of 4 numbers were shown for 5 milliseconds and noise indicated which row to recall. People got 3 out of 4 on average. Shows that all the information was available for a short time therefore the sensory memory has a large capacity but rapid decay |
| Digit Span Task | People usually only get 7+/- 2. Shows the capacity of the short term memory |
| Conrad | Coding Study for the Short Term Memory Participants asked to write down 6 letters that scrolled in front of them, but they mover too fast and some had to be remembered, mistakes were made with letters that sound the same eg B for V Suggests phonological coding, doesn't rule out semantic |
| Baddeley | Participants presented with a list of words and immediately asked to recall the list. Some words on the list were similar sounding eg can, cap, cat and some were similar meaning eg small, little Participants made errors with similar sounding words but not similar meaning ones therefore the STM uses phonological coding |
| Baddeley (2) | Similar method to previous experiment except there was a bap between learning and recall so the words entered the LTM. Participants made mistakes based on the meaning of words not the sounds therefore the LTM uses semantic coding |
| Primacy/Recency Effect | Primacy Effect - Good recall of the start of the list (Words have been rehersed and are in the LTM) Recency Effect - Good recall of the end of the list (Words are still in the STM) |
| Glanzer and Cunitz | Looked at the role of rehearsal in relation to the STM. 1 of 2 groups was given a distractor task after learning, the other group recalled immediately. The group with the distractor only showed the primacy effect. The distractor stopped the last words being rehearsed |
| HM | Brain damage meant his STM was fine but he was unable to move new info into his LTM Shows that they are separate systems |
| Evaluation of Atkinson and Shiffrins Model | A lot of emphasis on structure not enough on process Over simplified models of the STM and LTM Shallice and Warrington - There is a difference in STM for verbal and visual memory Eysenck and Keane - Role of rehearsal doesn't seem to be that important |
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