1215116
Question 1
Question
Different forms of the same gene - they can be dominant or recessive
Answer
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allele
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trait
Question 2
Question
a fertilized ovum/egg that contains the full set of chromosomes
Answer
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zygote
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gamete
Question 3
Question
allele which is always expressed even if only one is present- written with an upper-case letter e.g. "A"
Answer
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dominant
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recessive
Question 4
Question
threadlike structure of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells- carries genetic information in the form of genes
Answer
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nucleotide
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chromosome
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cell
Question 5
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cell part that contains chromosomes
Answer
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nucleus
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gene
Question 6
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meiosis
Answer
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cell division in testies and ovaries producing four new cells (gametes) - genetically different to each other, and to the parent cell
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cell division body cells for growth and repair - produces 2 new cells genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell
Question 7
Question
exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes
Answer
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crossing over
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independent assortment
Question 8
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cross between unknown genotype organism and a homozygous recessive to work out the genotype of the offspring
Answer
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punnet square
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test cross
Question 9
Question
short length of DNA that carries the genetic code for a particular trait/characteristic or cell activity
Answer
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DNA
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chromosome
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cell
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gene
Question 10
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having the same structural features (length) and pattern of genes
Answer
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homozygous chromosomes
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variation
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homologous chromosomes
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mutation
Question 11
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a genetically determined characteristic
Answer
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trait
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allele
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gene
Question 12
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cell division body cells for growth and repair - produces 2 new cells genetically identical to each other and the parent cell
Answer
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mitosis
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meiosis
Question 13
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process responsible for forming new alleles
Answer
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mutation
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variation
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independent assortment
Question 14
Question
chromosomes X and Y that determine the sex of an individual
Answer
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sex chromosomes
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homologous chromosomes
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gamete
Question 15
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individuals that are homozygous - will always produce the same offspring when crossed together
Answer
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pure breeding
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sexual reproduction
Question 16
Question
pest infestation, disease, drought or flood could be examples of a... Changing environment
Answer
- True
- False
Question 17
Question
having a full set of chromosomes (2n); having a pair of each type of chromosome
Answer
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diploid
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haploid
Question 18
Question
organisim produced asexually from one parent - offspring identical to both its parent and siblings
Answer
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clone
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homozygous
Question 19
Question
substance carrying organism's genetic information
Answer
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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chromosome
Question 20
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difference between organisms within a population - can be continuous or discontinuous
Answer
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variation
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mutation
Question 21
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the observable characteristics of an individual resulting from its genotype
Answer
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phenotype
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genotype
Question 22
Question
forms the basic stuctural unit of DNA, composed of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and a base
Answer
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nucleotide
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amino acids
Question 23
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basic building blocks of proteins
Answer
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amino acids
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DNA
Question 24
Question
the particular alleles of an organisim
Answer
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genotype
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phenotype
Question 25
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an individual with two alleles that are different for a particular trait
Answer
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heterozygous
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homozygous
Question 26
Question
an individual with two alleles that are the same for a particular trait
Answer
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homozygous
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heterozygous
Question 27
Question
individual that carries a gene for a particular trait, does not express the trait, but can pass that trait on
Answer
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carrier
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recessive
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clone
Question 28
Question
sexual reproduction involves two parents - offspring are different to the parent and to each other
Answer
- True
- False
Question 29
Question
the joining of the male and female gamete is called fertilization
Answer
- True
- False
Question 30
Question
recessive
Answer
-
allele which is only expressed when two of them are present - written in a lower-case letter E.g. 'a'
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allele which is always expressed even if only one is present - written with an upper-case letter E.g. 'A'
Question 31
Question
name for the offspring of the cross BB x bb and their offspring and their offspring...
Answer
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F1 generation
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F2 generation
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F3generation
Question 32
Question
What are the parts of DNA involved in pairing
Answer
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cytosine
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guanine
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adenine
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thymine
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nucleotide
Question 33
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gamete
Answer
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reproductive cells that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell
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body cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Question 34
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important to population and species survival in a changing environment
Answer
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variation
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clones
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independent assortment
Question 35
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a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
Answer
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punnet square
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test cross
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pedigree chart
Question 36
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carries instructions to the next generation and determines phenotype
Answer
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DNA
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chromosomes
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genes
Question 37
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a permanent change in the base sequence of DNA
Answer
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mutation
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variation
Question 38
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asexual reproduction
Answer
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reproduction involving only one parent (usually female) - offspring genetically identical to the parent and each other
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reproduction involving two parents - offspring different to the parents
Question 39
Question
each homologous pair of chromosomes lines up at equator - maternal or parental - independently of other homologous pairs
Answer
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independent assortment
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crossing over
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