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9015870
Expansion and Consolidation of British Empire in Africa between 1857 and 1914
Description
A level History (Empire) Mind Map on Expansion and Consolidation of British Empire in Africa between 1857 and 1914, created by ethan vincent on 20/05/2017.
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history
empire
a level
Mind Map by
ethan vincent
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
ethan vincent
over 7 years ago
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Resource summary
Expansion and Consolidation of British Empire in Africa between 1857 and 1914
Reasons for expansions
Trade and Economy
British Merchants
Been trading in Africa since 1500's
By the time slavery had been outlawed in 1807 Britain had exported 3 million slaves to its American and Caribbean Colonies
Trade
Prospect of furth er trade opened up new routes in Africa
Coal, iron, and timber
Britain needed to boost their imports of raw materials from Africa in order to manurfacture goods to then re-sell back to Africa
Personal Influence
Merchant imperialists
Cecil Rhodes
Goldie
Capitalised on new commodities
Explorers and missionaries
Livingstone
1858
Captured the imagination of the public
Strategic factors
Coastal interest in West Africa demanded protection
Forts along Gold Coast
Coastal defences in Sierra Leone and Gambia
Cape colony gave a route to India before the building of the Suez canal
Moral Factors
Missionaries
Saw it as their duty to spread the word of Christianity
'Convert the heathen'
Extent of British expansion in Africa 1857-90
Territory acquired
1890's
wasn't until this time period that expansion really accelerated
Suez Canal and Egypt
Britain and Egypt
British traders had been using Egypt for centuries
British interests within Egypt were revived during the American civil war where the British were starved of cotton
Investment in Khedive Ismail Pasha modernising programme
Came to power 1863
Railways and irrigation
Suez Canal opened in 1869
Cut 6,000 miles of route via Cape Colony
The Suez
Opened 1869
Ismail Pasha faced increasing debts
Sought a buyer for his 44% share in the canal
Wanted £4 Million
Benjamin Disraeli
British PM
Bought the shares
Increased GB interest within Egypt
Establishment of British Control in Egypt
Ismail deposed in 1879
Tewfiq became new Kedhive
Britain became a economic prop within Egypt
£Egyptian army was reduced by 2/3rds
Arabi's Pasha led a revolt due to unemployment
Bombardment of Alexandria
June 1882
PM William Gladstone intervened and used British Naval Force were sent to bombard Alexandria
Arabi Pasha declared war but was defeated within an hour
Britain re-took Egypt as a puppet rule
Veil Protectorate
Evelyn Baring was installed as Consul General
Egypt was under British administrative control
The Sudan
Kharthoum
Charles Gordon
Gov. General of Egyptian - administered Sudan
Chinese Gordon
Muhammad Ahmad
Proclaimed himself the Mahdi in June 1983
Jihadist movement overtook the area around Khartoum
Gladstone ordered Gordon to oversee the evacuation of both British and Egyptian forces from Khartoum in 1884
Gordon was beheaded during the attack
Gladstone didn't retaliate due to not wanting to have further loss of life
Not until 1896 that another campaign was launched to assert GB's authority over the Mahdist and the Sudan
Media attachments
Brit. In Africa Table (image/png)
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