6508796
4 Ds of Diagnosis
- Distress
- How an individual is
negatively affected
- May not affect function
- Takes individual into account
- Takes effect into account
- Subjective
- How an individual is
negatively affected
- Deviance
- Statistical Infrequency
- Deviation from the population
- Two standard deviations away from the norm
- Objective
- Measurable
- Favour
- Low IQ = Bad
High IQ = Good
- Low IQ = Bad
High IQ = Good
- Arbitrary cut-off
- Doesn't take function into account
- Deviation from the population
- Norms
- Deviating from social norms
- Not necessarily dangerous, could be seen as eccentric
- Takes culture into account
- Subjective
- Changes over time
- Varies with context
- Deviating from social norms
- Statistical Infrequency
- Dysfunction
- How much a person's
everyday life is
affected
- Rosenthal and Seligman:
Failure to function
- Overlaps with other Ds
- E.g. Suffering overlaps with distress
- E.g. Suffering overlaps with distress
- Overlaps with other Ds
- Takes individual
into account
- Can see
how
treatment
works
- Helps those who need it
- Subjective
- Hard to measure
- How much a person's
everyday life is
affected
- Danger
- If someone is a
danger to
themselves or others
- Helps those in need
- Takes individual into account
- Hard to measure
- Socially sensitive
- If someone is a
danger to
themselves or others
- All should have a 5th D of duration
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