A: To see if people
can be influence
by other peoples
opinions
M: Lines
R: Participant
picked the line
even though it's
was the obvious
wrong one
C: Participant did not want to
go against group; normative
social inflence
Affected by Normative social influence; when
we want to be liked by the group
and not feel left out
Affected by social influence; using the
behaviour of people around us as information
in ambiguous situations as we believe them
to be experts
Affected by Anonymity
aAffected by Unanimity; when everyone agrees
with each other
Obedience
A: To see how far people
would obey and
unreasonable order
M: Electric
shocks
R: 100% delivered 300 volts
and some even went up to
450 volts (deadly)
C: People are more
likely to obey orders if
from a person of
authority
Socialisation
Authority
Prestige
Buffers
Deindividuation
A: To see if people
in a big city are
more antisocial
than small city
M: Car placed with bonnet up, abandoned
and pasers by's actions were observed
R: People in city stole
parts, in 2 weeks; barely
anything left. In small
city; car bonnet was put
down only bc rain
C: Deindividuation
caused by big city =
increased antisocial
beahviour
Being part of a gang
Mood of the crowd
Being part of a gang / clearly identifiable group
Social Loafing
A: To see if being in a
group affected how
much effort will be
put in a task
M: Clap and shout in group w/
headphones or alone
R: Larger group =
less effort/ noise
made
C: Less effort if
known others are
taking part. More
effort if alone.
Size of group
Nature of task being
performed
Culture; some
cultures have
low social loafing
Bystander intervention
Latane & Darley
A: To see if people
react less in
emergency if others
are present
M: Filling in
questionnaire alone/
group &smoke
R: When alone
75% reported
smoke. When in
group, only 38%
reported
C: people
around you =
less likely to
react in
emergency
Piliavin
Appearance
A: If appearance
influenced helping
behaviour
M: Confederate
collapsing in train.
Appearance changed
many times
R: With walking
stick= helped 90% of
time. Ugly facial
scar= 60%. Drunk=
only 20% helped
C: Appearance=
affects how
quickly they
get help
Bateson
Empathy
A: If similarity with
confederate= they
get help or not
M: Woman getting (fake)
electric shocks, made
participant think
whether they we similar
to woman or not.
Opportunity given to
swap with woman
R: Similar= participants
prepared to take place
of woman compared to
if disimilar
C: More likely to take
woman's place if they feel
similar to them in some way
compared to someone they
can't relate to = we feel
empathy = distresses us
Schroeder
A: explore
different reasons
for bystander
intervention
M: Studied findings&
conclusions from
other studies/ pieces
of research
R: able to provide
alternate explanations
why bystanders did
nothing when others
present
C: Bystanders distressed&
concerned but when other
people present= believe
someone else more
capable than themself
Affected by diffusion
of responsibility
Affected by
pluralistic
ignorance
Affected by cost and
rewards= If cost is
higher than reward=
less likely to help