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Pediatric Asthma

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Mind Map on Pediatric Asthma, created by summertump on 09/02/2014.
summertump
Mind Map by summertump, updated more than 1 year ago
summertump
Created by summertump over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

Pediatric Asthma
  1. Pathophysiology
    1. Antigen exposure to bronchial mucosa
      1. IgE produced
        1. Degranulation of mast cells
          1. Inflammatory mediators released
            1. Vasodilation
              1. Capillary permeability
                1. Mucosal edema
                  1. Increased CO2 retention
                    1. Increased pH
                      1. Decreased PaCO2
                        1. Hypoxemia
                          1. Hyperventilation
                            1. Air trapping
                              1. Hyperinflation
                                1. Increased intrapleural/alveolar gas pressure
                                2. Treatment
                                  1. Oxygen
                                    1. Immunotherapy
                                    2. Removal of allergen/irritant
                                      1. Inhaled beta-agonist bronchodilators
                                        1. Oral corticosteroids
                                          1. Antibiotics (bacterial)
                                          2. Risk Factors
                                            1. Genetics
                                              1. Boys
                                                1. Allergies
                                                  1. Black/Hispanic
                                                    1. Live in urban setting
                                                      1. Low socioeconomic status
                                                        1. Air pollution
                                                          1. Insects (cockroaches)
                                                            1. Recent viral/upper respiratory infection
                                                            2. Diagnosis
                                                              1. PFT with spirometry
                                                                1. Empirical trial of asthma meds
                                                                  1. Asthma Predictive Index (API)
                                                                    1. Pulse oximetry
                                                                      1. Parental history of asthma/atopic dermatitis
                                                                      2. Clinical Manifestations
                                                                        1. Coughing
                                                                          1. Expiratory wheezing
                                                                            1. Short of breath
                                                                              1. Increased heart and respiratory rate
                                                                                1. Nasal flaring
                                                                                  1. Head bobbing
                                                                                    1. Anxious
                                                                                      1. Diaphoretic
                                                                                        1. Exercise intolerance
                                                                                          1. Using accessory muscles
                                                                                            1. Hyperinflation
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