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4276053
the behavioural approach to explaining phobias
Description
AS - Level psychology (chapter 5 - psychopathology ) Mind Map on the behavioural approach to explaining phobias, created by Daisy U on 06/01/2016.
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psychology
chapter 5 - psychopathology
as - level
Mind Map by
Daisy U
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Daisy U
over 8 years ago
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Resource summary
the behavioural approach to explaining phobias
the two process model
Mowrer - based on the behavioural approach (behaviour we can see)
acquisition
classical conditioning
learning through association
Little Albert
UCS = UCR
NS + UCS later produce a CR
generalised to other objects e.g. furry objects
maintained
operant conditioning
behaviour is reinforced
rewarded
punished
avoid phobic stimulus =
anxiety reduced
fear reinforced
phobia is maintained
evaluation
good explanatory power
goes beyond just classical conditioning
explains how phobias are maintained
alternative to avoidance behaviour
some avoidance can be motivation by positive feelings
e.g. agoraphobia
when feel safe are motivated
so can leave the house with someone they feel safe with
incomplete explanation
evolutionary factors
have a phobia of dangerous things
adaptive to have these fears - biological preparedness
innate
do not have a phobia of cars though dangerous
not been around long enough
evaluation +
phobias that don't follow a trauma
fear of snakes even though never met a snake
cognitive aspects
irrational beliefs
cognitive distortions
selective attention to phobic stimulus
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