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2894690
The Three Approaches To An Argument
Description
A how to on arguing
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rogerian approach
toulmin approach
classical approach
Mind Map by
Josh Dean
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Josh Dean
about 9 years ago
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Resource summary
The Three Approaches To An Argument
The Classical Approach
1-Introduction
Get peoples attention
I at least want them to hear me out
2-Statement of fact
Talk about the issue
Give your knowledge of the situation
4-Proposition
Propose your solution
Show evidence that supports your case
3-Refutation
Summarize your apponent's arggument
Point out flaw's
5-Substantiation and Proof
Make your own case using ethos, pathos and logos
Use good evidence
6-Conclusion
Summarize your most important points
Try to appeal to peoples feelings
The Toulmin Approach
1-Claim
Propose your statement
Show your information
2-Grounds
Give your hardest facts
Give your reasoning for your claim
3-Warrent
Give data to legitimize your claim
It answers the question 'Why does that data mean your claim is true?'
4-Backing
Additional support for your Warrent
Answer different questions
5-Qualifier
the strength of the leap from the data to the warrant
include words such as 'most', 'usually', 'always' or 'sometimes'
6-Rebuttal
Counter argument as much as ppossible
These may be rebutted either through a continued dialogue, or by pre-empting the counter-argument
The Rogerian Approach
1-An introduction
Explain your problem
2-A neutral, non-judgmental statement of the opponent's position
presented within valid contexts, that demonstrates the writer clearly understands it
3-A neutral statement and explanation
Explain your position and why it's valid
4-An analysis
Analysis what the two positions have in common and what goals and values they share
5-A proposal
State your proposal that solves the problem and interest both parties
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