13391955
Description
Mind Map by Deleted user, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Olivia McRitchie
over 6 years ago
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Copied by Olivia McRitchie
over 6 years ago
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Adrenergic Drugs
- Sympathomimetics/adrenergic agonists/adrenergic drugs
- Fight or flight response.
- Shock and hypotension
- Much of the same action as anticholinergics, except
these drugs are more specific and have a wider
therapeutic application.
- Catecholamines: Same structure as NE, shorter
duration of action
- Must be given parenterally
- Must be given parenterally
- Noncatecholamines: Not rapidly destroyed by MAO
or COMT, so longer duration of action
- Can be given orally
- Can be given orally
- Most act directly by binding to and activating adrenergic receptors, but
some act indirectly by causing release of NE or by inhibiting reuptake or
destruction of NE
- Effects are predictable based on which
receptor subtype is stimulated. Here's what they treat:
- Alpha 1: Nasal congestion, hypotension,
mydriasis for ophthalmic exams
- Alpha 2: Hypertension
- Beta 1: Cardiac arrest, heart failure, and
shock
- Beta 2 receptor: Asthma and premature
contractions
- Beta 3: Overactive bladder
- Beta 3: Overactive bladder
- Beta 2 receptor: Asthma and premature
contractions
- Beta 1: Cardiac arrest, heart failure, and
shock
- Alpha 2: Hypertension
- Alpha 1: Nasal congestion, hypotension,
mydriasis for ophthalmic exams
- Side effects such as tachycardia,
hypertension, dysrhythmias may
limit therapy
- CNS excitement and seizures can occur
at a large dose
- Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
can also occur
- Dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
can also occur
- CNS excitement and seizures can occur
at a large dose
- Fight or flight response.
- Adrenergic blocking drugs/adrenergic antagonists/sympatholytics
- Alpha-adrenergic agonists: Used for effects on vascular
smooth muscle
- Relaxes vascular
smooth muscle in
small arteries, causing
vasodialtion and
decreasing blood
pressure
- Can cause orthostatic
hypotension, reflex
tachycardia, nasal
congestion, and
impotence
- Phentolamine is
used to diagnose
pheochromocytoma
(pg.151)
- Relaxes vascular
smooth muscle in
small arteries, causing
vasodialtion and
decreasing blood
pressure
- Greater therapeutic application.
- Similar effect to parasympathomimetics
- Treatment of hypertension
- Beta-adrenergic agonists: Decrease rate and force of heart
contraction and slow electrical conduction through AV
node
- Used primarily for hypertension, but
can also work for migraines, angina
pectoris, dysrhythmias, heart failure,
MI, and narrow angle glaucoma
- May exacerbate heart failure in some patients.
- Increases risk of hypotension and bradycardia. Can
cause bronchial constriction, hypoglycemia,
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, rash,
blurred vision, fatigue, depression, and erectile
dysfunction
- Increases risk of hypotension and bradycardia. Can
cause bronchial constriction, hypoglycemia,
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, rash,
blurred vision, fatigue, depression, and erectile
dysfunction
- Abrupt discontinuation can
cause acute resurgence of
symptoms.
- Used primarily for hypertension, but
can also work for migraines, angina
pectoris, dysrhythmias, heart failure,
MI, and narrow angle glaucoma
- Alpha-adrenergic agonists: Used for effects on vascular
smooth muscle
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