4819880
Description
Flashcards by Bee Brittain, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Bee Brittain
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| How many different amino acids are there? | 20 |
| Name the constituents in the structure of an animo acid | - Animo Group (NH2) - Variable R group - Central Carbon Atom - Carboxylic Acid Group (COOH) |
| What type of reaction joins two amino acids together? | Condensation Reaction |
| What is the process called when long chains of monomers join together? | Polymerisation |
| In the condensation reaction between two animo acids, what is formed? | A molecule of water is formed between the OH of the carboxylic acid group, and a Hydrogen from the amino group of another amino acid |
| What is the bond called that joins two mono peptides together? And what atoms does it form between? | It is a Peptide Bond and it forms between the carbon atom of one amino acid, and the nitrogen of another animo acid |
| Describe the primary structure of proteins. | The specific sequence of amino acids in a single polypeptide chain |
| Describe the secondary structure of a protein | Hydrogen bonds form between the amino acids and the polypeptide chain is folded into a 3D structure - either an alpha helix, or beta pleated sheet |
| Describe the tertiary structure of a protein | In the tertiary structure, more hydrogen bonds are formed as well as ionic bonds and di-sulphide bridges |
| Describe the quaternary structure of a protein. | The quaternary structure of a protein includes more than one polypeptide chain and it can be associated with non-protein (prosthetic) groups such as a haem group, in haemoglobin |
| What type of function do globular proteins carry out? | Metabolic functions this is why a lot of enzymes are globular |
| Haemoglobin is an example of what type of protein? | Globular |
| Describe the specific structure of a fibrous protein | The secondary structure is very tight, and the tertiary structure is wound again into a helix. The quaternary structure is made up of many of the tertiary structure chains, wound tightly into a strong, rope-like protein |
| Where as globular proteins carry out metabolic functions, what functions do fibrous proteins carry out? | Structural Functions |
| What structural 'link' makes fibrous proteins so strong? | cross links which form between the parallel rows of chains are what gives fibrous proteins the opportunity to become a strong protein |
| What is the name of the test for proteins? What feature of proteins does this test detect? | Name: Biuret Test Feature: Peptide Bonds |
| What is initially added to the sample in question when testing for proteins? | Sodium Hydroxide Solution |
| What is the second solution to be added to the mixture? | (Very dilute) Copper (II) Sulphate |
| If a peptide bond is present, what colour does the mixture turn? | Purple |
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