Epilepsy and sleep disorders

Question	Answer
What are the two major components of toothpastes?	Humectants and abrasives
What is the most commonly used benzodiazepine antagonist in the UK?	Flumazenil
What is the major predisposing factor for paradoxical effects of benzodiazepines?	Alcoholism
What does a simple suppository contain?	Fine particles of drug suspended in a melted base
What drug is first line treatment for absence seizures?	Ethosuximide
How does diphenhydramine cause drowsiness?	It antagonises the 5-HT1A receptor in the brain
What is the drug target of benzodiazepines?	The GABA-A receptor
What is the most common neurotransmitter?	GABA
What are the two most common Glutamate receptors?	NMDA receptors AMPA receptors
What protein does Levetiracetam target?	SV2A
What are the two main types of seizures?	- Focal - Generalized
How does carbamazepine and phenytoin work in treating epilepsy?	Lowers neuronal excitability by blocking voltage gated sodium channels in the presynaptic neurons
What are the two targets of Sodium Valproate?	Voltage-gated sodium channels LVA, T-type calcium channels
What subunit of the HVA calcium channels do pregabalin and gabapentin bind to?	alpha-2 delta-1
What is the mechanism of action of Felbamate?	Inhibits excitatory neurotransmission by blocking NMDA receptors
What two classes of drugs, used to treat epilepsy, bind to the GABA-A receptor and prolong its opening?	Benzodiazepines Barbiturates
What is the mechanism of action of Vigabatrin?	Inhibits GABA- aminotransferase
What two antiepileptics can cause hyponatremia?	Carbamazepine Oxcarbazepine
What two antiepileptics can cause double vision?	Lamotrigine Phenytoin
Name 4 side effects of sodium valproate	- Sedation - Dizziness - Weight Gain - Liver Toxicity

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Epilepsy and sleep disorders

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	Created by Simeon Crane about 5 years ago