15040253
Description
Flashcards by Emily Rowland-Rawson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emily Rowland-Rawson
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| osmosis | The net movement of water molecules from a higher water potential to a lower water potential through a semi-permeable membrane. |
| hypotonic solution | where there is a greater concentration of solutes inside the cell than outside |
| hypertonic solution | where there is a greater concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside |
| isotonic solution | where the concentration of solutes is equal inside the cell and outside |
| dependant variable | is the one that you measure, it depends on the independent variable |
| independent variable | is the one that you change |
| flaccid | a plant cell that is limp (has lost water) |
| turgid | a plant cell that is fully inflated with water |
| plasmolysed | a plant cell that has lost water, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the inside of the cell wall |
| crenation | shrinking an animal cell by osmosis |
| lysis | bursting an animal cell by osmosis |
| angiosperms | flowering plants |
| gymnosperms | conifers |
| 1 millimeter = | 1000 micrometers |
| 1 micrometer = | 1000 nanometers |
| reducing sugar | any sugar that is capable of acting as a reducing agent because it has a free aldehyde group or a free ketone group |
| interspecific and intraspecific variation | interspecific is between different species intraspecific is within a species |
| continuous and discontinuous variation | continuous is a measurable value (height) discontinuous is categorised data (colour) |
| mitosis (name and explain the stages) | |
| meiosis | cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores |
| active and passive immunity | active is when the immune system produces it's own antibodies, passive is when antibodies are transferred from an outside source |
| endocytosis and exocytosis | endocytosis is bringing substances into the cell (pinocytosis and phagocytosis) exocytosis is secreting membrane-bound vesicles of molecules out of the cell |
| phagolysosome | a combined phagosome and lysosome formed during phagocytosis |
| opsonin | chemicals the bind to pathogens so they can be more easily recognised by phagocytes |
| phagosome | a vacuole enclosing a pathogen that has been engulfed by a phagocyte |
| cytolosis | bursting of a animal cell caused by a hypotonic solution |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| neutrophils | a type of white blood cells that form an essential part of the innate immune system |
| intra inter | intra in within inter is between |
| etiolation | plants having long, weak stems and a pale yellow colour caused by skotomorphogenesis (the development of seedlings in the dark) |
| chlorosis | yellowing of leaves of plants, caused by iron or magnesium deficiency or other factors |
| rare and common blood types | AB negative is the rarest O positive is the most common |
| apoptosis | a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. |
| macromolecule | a very large molecule like a protein commonly composed of monomers |
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