13943860
Description
Flashcards by Emily Bevis, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emily Bevis
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Political position of Black Americans | - Civil Rights activist groups largely in decline - SNCC, CORE, SCLC - Black Panthers = internal disputes meant that only 27 members in 1980 - Extremism of Nation of Islam and SNCC - NAACP continued to bring cases to court - activists no longer necessary ?? |
| Cultural developments of Black Americans | - Effective portrayal of af-am heritage in media = greater social acceptance - 1970 Watermelon man = highlight racism of white supremacists - 1976 = foundation of Black History Man - Music clear area of success - Jackson 5, Stevie Wonder, Barry White - 1979 Rappers Delight sold 500,000 copies |
| Ghettos | - Media success mask remaining issues - De-facto segregation = poverty, crime and isolated ghettos (Pruitt-Igoe in St Louis) - Nixon's 1971 'war on drugs' had large impact on black men - Harsh sentences = criminal mentality |
| Economic position of Black Americans | - African-Ams = 12% of total US population - 43% of those on welfare - 900,000 in a black "underclass" = low education, unemployed, welfare dependent - BUT long term impact of education reform = emerging middle class = 31% in 1977 - 1975 = 65% completed high school - 1978 = 6.4% of managerial appointments filled by black americans (2.8% in 1958) - BUT "last in, first out" mentality = not secure |
| Mayor Jackson 1973 | - First black Mayor in Georgia - remained in office until 1981 :) - Reinforced the black middle class involvement in city business - Atalanta's first affirmative action officer employed = rose to 42% of black professional employees - 25% of city contracts = black firms - BUT still less than 4% of elected officials in Georgia = black (less than south average) - 1980 = 1/3 below poverty line v 7% white - 12.5% black unemployment rate in Georgia 1980 = 3x white rate |
| Position of USA in the world 1980 | - a concern of Reagans - Worried not taken seriously after Afghanistan and hostages - 62% believe USA 'becoming weaker' - 54% believe US position in the world = weak - BUT US position was secure - Arab oil access = :) after Camp David - Good China relations - Loss of Vietnam had not caused a domino impact - Soviets were economically suffering |
| Economic position of USA by 1980 | - Economy in decline - Result of * federal spending on Vietnam and GS * Energy crisis = rising price of oil *8.2m unemployed * $40b trade deficit in 1978 * Value of dollar decreasing - US now dependent on imported oil - BUT US still wealthiest in world - Best funded military and growing technology advances |
| Female position in 1980 | - Election of Reagan reinforced conservative attitudes towards families - BUT culture revolution from new attitudes towards work, sex and personal freedom - Divorce rate = 40% - 52% of women in work (up from 38% 1960) - Average wage = 62% behind men - Largely politically underrepresented = no female senators |
| The new religious right | - Election of Reagan highlighted the re-emergence of right wing conservatism - 'Televangelists' like Pat Robinson = challenge liberal developments - Estimated 5m evangelical Christians who had never voted before = supported Reagan - 'moral majority' = blamed US media for corrupting Americas youth - Help fund Reagan campaign - 1978 = Jamestown massacre (918 cult members poisoned) and murder of Harvey Milk (Cali gay politician) |
| Result of 1980 election | - Reagan won popular vote = 55% and electoral college = 489 v 49 - Carter performance worst ever for incumbent president - Republican victory in Congress = 53+ HOR and 12+ Senators - BUT 53% NOT register to vote = result of Watergate and unexciting Demo nomination |
| Reasons for Reagans victory x5 | 1) His campaign and reputation 2) Declining Industry 3) Carters reputation 4) Economy failures 5) Foreign policy failures |
| Reagans reputation | - almost won 1976 nomination - Celebrity status = name recognition - Ease in front of cameras = emerging factor in US campaign - Good rep as Cali Governor - Encouraged support of New right with his traditional values - BUT concern about age - almost 70 - Worried John Anderson = independent candidate would take away votes in key swing states |
| Position of Carter before election | - Challenged by Ed Kennedy for Demo nomination - Damaged by internal/Reagan campaign - Didn't unite Democrats behind him as not liberal enough ? - 1980 = only 18% rate him as strong - Political climate = bad economy and struggling foreign relations |
| Reagan Campaign | - Reagan = constant lead in the polls - Advocated for teaching of 'creationalism' in school and saw VW as 'noble' - Reagan domestic views in line with public = economy in recession - Benefitted from being a Washington outsider - :) in TV debates = smiling and warmer - Hollywood experience with cameras |
| Declining industry | - Strong industry in Japan and Germany = neg. impact on US interests - high unemployment - 1980 = 25% unemployment in Detroit - Difficult relations between Labour Unions and Democrats = normally loyal Demo voters |
| Economy | - All failures associated with Carter despite 'natural' problems - Inflation in double figures - Federal deficit up $20b in 3 years - Energy crisis = increased oil prices - Rising cost of living |
| Foreign policy | - Internation decline - Carter = not trusted with national security - CONTRAST reagan whose critical policy of the Soviets = popular and strong - Iranian hostage crisis = approval rating down to 61% |
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