13249796
Description
Flashcards by J yadonknow, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by J yadonknow
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Innervation | the nerve supply of |
| Afferent | towards |
| Efferent | away from |
| Ipsilateral | Same side |
| Contralateral | other side |
| CNS | Brain+spinal cord |
| PNS | cranial nerves and spinal nerves Control somatic structures (skin+musculoskeletal system) |
| ANS | Controls the organs of the body |
| vertebrae cross-section | Dorsal white column (cervical/thoracic/lumbar/sacral) lat/medial division of motor neurons Ventral horn Flexors/extensors Lateral white column |
| What type of tracts are Dorsal white column? | Ascending tracts |
| What do dorsal columns sense? | Vibration Propriception discriminative touch |
| Sites of decussation | spinothalamic decussation at p.o.e. medulla oblongata |
| Spinothalamic detection of: | Pain/'c/touch/pressure |
| Lower Motor Neurons | Cell bodies w/ big dendritic arborisations Receive a lot of info from descending tracts |
| Functional components of a spinal nerve: | General Sensory Afferent (somatic) General Visceral Afferent (GVA) Sensation from viscera General Visceral Efferent (GVE) Motor to viscera General Somatic Efferent (GSE) Motor to skeletal muscle Spinal nerve |
| What controls the PNS? | The CNS |
| What controls Autonomous/somatic motor neurons? | Somatic + Autonomic motor neurons w/ their cell bodies in the CNS are directly controlled by descending tracts |
| Descending motor pathway | Control over LMN that innervate skeletal muscles Cause non-stereotyped movements Decussation occurs at pyramid of medulla Will synapse w/ motor neurons |
| Somatotopy | Orderly arrangements of the nervous system in relation to the parts of the body |
| Fasciculus gacilis | WM tracts Sensory info from lower half of body below T6 |
| fasciculus cuneates | Sensory info from upper half of body above T6 |
| Mammalian brain principles (5) | 1. Brains have topographical maps 2. Specific regions tend to have specialised regions 3. More neurons = more integration 4. Neural circuits are plastic 5. Neurogensis confined to specific areas |
| Associated cortex | Cerebral cortex outside of 1' area Communication/memory/plan/thought etc. |
| Planes | Coronal - parallel to face Transverse - parallel to feet Sagittal - L/R hemispheres |
| Cerebral Hemispheres | Gyrus/i - folds on surface Sulcus/i - valleys between gyri |
| What connects temporal lobes of the brain? | Cerebral cortex/anterior commissures |
| What part of the brain is involved in coordinating motor control? | Cerebellum |
| What are the components of the brainstem? | Pons. Olive. Pyramid |
| Basal ganglia | Extrapyramidal motor control |
| What are the major inputs received from? | Cerebral cortex thalamus brainstem |
| Where are the major outputs sent? | Thalamic nuclei Cortex (via thalamus) Brainstem |
| Thalamus function | Relay sensory pathways to cerebral cortex |
| Roles of hypothalamus | Neuroendocrine control - pituitary gland Homeostasis Responds to enviro changes that affect ANS Part of limbic system - Hunger/thirst/libido |
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