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| Question | Answer |
| What are the sentence types when analysing a text in terms of grammar? | Imperatives, declaritives, directives, exclamitives, interrogatives |
| What is orthography a reference to? | The spelling of words. It can be used to highlight language change. |
| List some general factors that may cause language change. | Technology, geographical variation, social variation, individual variation. |
| What is a hyperbole? | An over exaggeration of something to make it sound better, worse or more drastic than it really was/is. |
| Using an example, explain the difference between a hypernym and a hyponym? | A hypernym is the general umbrealle term (e.g dog or tree) and a hyponym is everything this encooperates (e.g pug, retriever or beech, oak) |
| In spoken language, give examples of non-fluency features. | Hedging, fillers, false starts, repairs, pauses. |
| When analysing in terms of phonology, what will you be making refernces too? | Patterning, alliteration, sibilance, assonance, onomatopoeia, stress, intonation, pausing, non fluency features, fricitives, plosives. |
| What is the meaning of archaic? | Words that are no longer in use but still exist. |
| When was the printing press invented and who was it invented by? | William Caxton in 1476 |
| Who published the first dictionary and when? | Dr Samuel Johnson in the 18th century. |
| When did the Great Vowel Shift occur? | 1350-1700 |
| What is a prescriptivist attitude? | That language is becoming more informal and thus decaying. |
| Name and describe one of Aitchinson's theories. | Damp spoon, cuckoos nest etc. |
| In the modern day, approximatley how many people speak English either as a first or learnt language? | 1.5 billion |
| What is the oldest recorded text of the English language? | Beowulf |
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