Exam 1 (POSC 215 - Comparative Politics)

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Exam 1 (POSC 215 - Comparative Politics)
Renee Park
Quiz by Renee Park, updated more than 1 year ago
Renee Park
Created by Renee Park about 8 years ago
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Question 1

Question
In 2014, there were more countries that were identified as free compared to the total number of countries that are partly free or not free
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Amartya Sen argues that in the general climate and world opinion, most believe that democratic governance has now achieved the status of being generally right.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., similar to economic development, there are uniform, historical strategies and policies that countries must follow to achieve democracy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
The balance of scholarly opinion suggests, that parliamentary systems tend to produce more consensual outcomes than do presidential systems.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
The democratic idea fuels political conflicts in even the most durable democracies because a large gap usually separates democratic ideals and the actual functioning of democratic political institutions
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
A careful study finds that, once a country adopts a democratic regime, the odds are that it will endure.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Why does the democratic idea fuel political conflicts in even the most durable democracies? 

Answer
  • Because politics is about the art of compromise and the average person despises such behavior,
  • Because ideology breeds contempt for the opposition, unlike an authoritarian regime.
  • Because the very nature of democracy allows for political opposition,
  • Because democracies function on the basis of majority will who continuously violate the rights of the minority, 


Question 8

Question
Large-scale grassroots action that demands reforms of existing social practices and government policies: 

Answer
  • structural developments
  • social movements
  • homogenous outbursts
  • intellectual transitions, 


Question 9

Question
The toppling of an authoritarian regime and adopting the rudiments of democracy:
Answer
  • consolidated democracy,
  • transitional democracy
  • evolutionary democracy,
  • developmental democracy.

Question 10

Question
In spite of the fact that the following country has hundreds of millions of people living in dire poverty, it has had a vibrantly functioning democratic system since it became independent:
Answer
  • Argentina
  • Indonesia
  • Norway
  • India

Question 11

Question
In 2014, there were how many countries that could be considered "free” by Freedom House? 

Answer
  • 42
  • 104
  • 39
  • 88

Question 12

Question
According to Kesselman, et., al., what are the necessary preconditions for democracy to take root and flourish? a) secure national [blank_start]___________[blank_end], b) a stable [blank_start]______[blank_end], c) a minimum level of _[blank_start]________[blank_end] development d) widespread acceptance of [blank_start]___________[blank_end] values, e) agreement on the [blank_start]______[blank_end] of the democratic politics among those
 contending for power.
Answer
  • boundaries
  • state
  • economic
  • democratic
  • rules

Question 13

Question
Democracy may appeal to citizens in authoritarian nations because: a) democratic regimes often rank among the world’s most 
stable, [blank_start]________[blank_end], free, and [blank_start]_________[blank_end] countries. b) it is born of the human desire for [blank_start]________[blank_end] and [blank_start]_________[blank_end].
Answer
  • affluent
  • cohesive
  • dignity
  • equality

Question 14

Question
Democracy: From the Greek demos (the people) and kratos (rule). a) A political system featuring: selection to public offices 
 through free and fair [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; b) the right of all adults to [blank_start]_____[blank_end]; political parties that are free 
 to compete in elections; 
 c) government that operates by fair and relatively open 
 [blank_start]___________[blank_end]; d) political rights and civil [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; an independent judiciary 
 (court system); e) civilian control of the [blank_start]_________[blank_end].
Answer
  • democracy
  • vote
  • procedures
  • liberties
  • military

Question 15

Question
Theories focusing on specific features of the political world, such as institutions, policies, or classes of similar events, such as revolutions or elections: 

Answer
  • Deductive Reasoning
  • Comparative Advantage
  • Moral Hazard
  • Mid-Level Theories

Question 16

Question
When a state's geographic boundaries coincide with a citizen's collective identity, the resulting formation is called: 

Answer
  • state hegemony
  • government legitimacy
  • political integration
  • nation-state

Question 17

Question
A theory that focuses on how individuals act strategically in an attempt to achieve goals that maximize their interests applying deductive and quantitative methods to construct models and general theories of political behavior that they believe can be applied across all types of political systems and cultures:
Answer
  • Dialectical Materialism
  • Cooperative-level Theory
  • Rational Choice Theory
  • Structural Functional Theory

Question 18

Question
A belief by powerful groups and the broad citizenry that a state exercises rightful authority: 

Answer
  • consolidated authority
  • legitimacy
  • integrated hierarchy
  • governmental values

Question 19

Question
The most powerful political institutions in a country, including the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, the police, and armed forces: 

Answer
  • the nation
  • the political culture
  • the state
  • the political system

Question 20

Question
The intensification of worldwide interconnectedness associated with the increased speed and magnitude of cross-border flows of trade, investment and finance, and processes of migration, cultural diffusion, and communication:
Answer
  • World Assimilation
  • International consolidation
  • Cross national difussion
  • Globalization

Question 21

Question
An approach that gives priority to government regulation over the economy: 

Answer
  • Mercantilism
  • Supply-side
  • Liberatarianism
  • Keynesianism

Question 22

Question
Neoliberalism emphasizes: 

Answer
  • government ownership of the utilities industry and other monopolistic enterprises, 

  • the need for establishing a social safety net for individuals suffering from the vagaries of the free market.
  • extensive government regulation over key sectors of the economy, 

  • the importance of market-friendly policies,

Question 23

Question
The ancient philosopher who analyzed and compared the city-states of Greece in the fourth century BCE according to whether they were ruled by a single individual, a few people, or all citizens: 

Answer
  • Socrates
  • Plato
  • Cicero
  • Aristotle

Question 24

Question
The following involves comparing domestic political institutions, processes, policies, conflicts, and attitudes in different countries: 

Answer
  • comparative politics
  • international relations
  • public policy
  • publican theory

Question 25

Question
There are approximately, how many countries in the world today? 

Answer
  • just about 300 countries
  • more than 200 countries
  • about 126 countries
  • less than 136 countries

Question 26

Question
The hostile relations that prevailed between the United States and the Soviet Union from the late 1940s until the demise of the USSR in 1991:
Answer
  • the Korean Conflict
  • the Cuban Missile Crisis
  • the Vietnam War
  • the Cold War

Question 27

Question
An exclusive international club of the most industrialized nations in the world that deals with both economic and political issues is referred to as:
Answer
  • World Trade Association
  • NATO
  • Group of 8
  • International Economic Fund

Question 28

Question
Under the leadership of Vladimir Putin, the following region was incorporated into Russia:
Answer
  • Siberia
  • Crimea
  • Latvia
  • Estonia

Question 29

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., “an important historical moment when political actors make critical choices, which shape institutions and future outcomes” is referred to as: 

Answer
  • conducive events
  • historical centerpiece
  • critical juncture
  • cognizant alignment

Question 30

Question
Kesselman, et. al., refers to the groups with which people identify, including gender, class, race, region, and religion, and which are the “building blocks” for social and political action: 

Answer
  • holistic approach
  • collective identities
  • consolidated analysis
  • apex hypothesis

Question 31

Question
In spite of the bad economic times, young people and middle-age workers are cooperating with one another to find solutions to the serious economic troubles afflicting the United States. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al, the study of comparative politics requires that analysts focus on a single national perspective and avoid the role of trade, mass communication, and culture because it detracts from the goal at hand.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Political analysis, argues Kesselman, et. al., requires more than blogging, talking-head debates but involves both a longer historical context and a framework for understanding unfolding developments. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
There is little difference between the study of international relations and comparative politics, argue Kesselman, et. al.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 35

Question
Kesselman, et. al. argue that there is no reason to include the study of the United States within the field of comparative politics.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 36

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., because of the rise of globalization and the increased role of international economic competition and integration, countries are no longer the fundamental building blocks in analyzing most political activity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
The comparative approach principally analyzes similarities and differences among countries by focusing on selected political institutions and processes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
Although comparativists direct their attention to the roles of the legislature, executive, political parties and court systems, they avoid specialty areas, such as education or the environment.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
In comparative politics, the state refers to the key political institutions responsible for making, implementing, and adjudicating important policies in a country.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
In authoritarian states, political legitimacy is not greatly affected by the state’s inability to “deliver the goods” to its people through poor economic performance because coercion and threats of force compel the population to accept their condition, argues Kesselman, et. al.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 41

Question
Because countries are the basic building blocks in politics and because states are the most significant political organizations within countries, these are two critical units for comparative analysis. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
Kesselman, et. al., argue that states dwarf other influential actors, such as transnational corporations, in the exercise of power that matters.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
The authors believe that the wide array of international organizations and treaties do not challenge the sovereign control of national governments within their own territories.

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
A country’s political borders can and do protect its citizens from global warming, environmental pollution, or infectious diseases that come from abroad. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
The fundamental purpose of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is to lower or remove barriers to free trade.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
Whenever the IMF provides financial or technical assistance to a country, it does so without any strings attached if it is identified as a Third World country.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
The success of states in maintaining sovereign authority and control over their people is greatly affected by their ability to ensure that enough goods are produced and services delivered to satisfy the needs and demands of their populations.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 48

Question
China’s stunning success in promoting economic development has not generated much support for the communist regime in that country.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
Political scientist Adam Przeworski and colleagues have concluded, after an exhaustive comparison of the economic performance of democratic and authoritarian states, that democratic systems are better at achieving superior economic performance.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
What distinguishes gross domestic product (GDP) from gross national product (GNP) is the latter (GNP) takes into considering GDP plus income earned abroad by the country’s residents.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
The GDP of a country is a useful measure because it takes into account the population and its quality of life.

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 52

Question
The United States not only has by far the largest economy in the world and but also has the highest per capita income as well. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
India has a higher per capita income than China. 

Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 54

Question
A treaty among the United States, Mexico, and Canada implemented on January 1, 1994, that largely eliminates trade barriers among the three nations and establishes procedures to resolve trade disputes:
Answer
  • SEATO
  • NATO
  • NAFTA
  • ASEAN

Question 55

Question
An example of a non-governmental organization (NGO) that plays a crucial role in the world of politics:
Answer
  • Microsoft
  • Amnesty International
  • the United Nations
  • the World Trade Organization

Question 56

Question
What was an important reason for the rejection of communism and the disintegration of the Soviet Union and its allies in Eastern Europe in 1989?
Answer
  • lack of a free press
  • an inadequate economic performance
  • poor health care system
  • the inability to participate in elections

Question 57

Question
Refers to the interaction between politics and economics, that is, to how government actions affect economic performance and how economic performance in turn affects a country’s political processes:
Answer
  • political integration
  • political economy
  • assimilated governance
  • public economic assimilation

Question 58

Question
These countries have been referred to as “economic miracles” by comparativists: 

Answer
  • India, Bangladesh, Pakistan
  • Turkey, Greece, Estonia
  • Japan, Taiwan, South Korea
  • Poland, Romania, Hungary

Question 59

Question
A policy promotes ecologically sound ways to modernize the economy and raise the standard of living:
Answer
  • specialized accountability
  • environmental efficiency
  • synchronized growth
  • sustainable development

Question 60

Question
The total of all goods and services produced within a country that is used as a broad measure of the size of its economy:
Answer
  • Gross Domestic Product
  • Gross National Product
  • Per Capita Income
  • Institutional Economic Indicators

Question 61

Question
The following takes into account the real cost of living in a particular country by calculating how much it would cost in the local currency to buy the same “basket of goods” in different countries:
Answer
  • sustainable economic integration
  • purchasing power parity
  • per capita economic equality
  • economic equality proliferation

Question 62

Question
Although China is ranked second in the world, in terms of Gross Domestic Product, it falls to 120th out of 227 economies because its GDP per capita is:
Answer
  • $3,200
  • $9,800
  • $12,300
  • $16,800

Question 63

Question
The level of economic development and citizens’ standard of living in different countries
Answer
  • gross demand product per capita
  • gross annual product per capita
  • gross productivity per person
  • gross domestic product per capita

Question 64

Question
Institutional design refers to: a) the relationships between [blank_start]__________[blank_end], [blank_start]____________[blank_end], and 
 judicial branches of government and b) between the [blank_start]_________[blank_end] government and [blank_start]____________[blank_end] units 
 such as states in the United States.
Answer
  • executive
  • legislative
  • national
  • subnational

Question 65

Question
The International Monetary Fund (IMF): a) is the global institution with a [blank_start]________[blank_end] to b) foster global monetary [blank_start]____________[blank_end], secure financial stability, facilitate international [blank_start]______[blank_end], promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce [blank_start]________[blank_end].
Answer
  • mandate
  • cooperation
  • trade
  • poverty

Question 66

Question
The Social Progress Index (SPI) is derived from twelve measures such as a) shelter, [blank_start]_______[blank_end] and wellness, b) [blank_start]__________[blank_end] sustainability, c) personal [blank_start]________[blank_end] and d) choice, and [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and inclusion.
Answer
  • health
  • ecosystem
  • freedom
  • tolerance

Question 67

Question
Why is it more beneficial to use exchange rates based on purchasing power parity (PPP) when comparing the standard of living in a particular country? a) Because PPP takes into account the real [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]___[blank_end] [blank_start]_______[blank_end] in a 
 particular country b) by calculating how much it would cost in the local currency to 
 buy the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] basket of goods in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] countries; c) Many scholars think that PPP provides a relatively reliable 
 (and revealing) tool for comparing the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] of an economy 
among countries.
Answer
  • cost
  • of
  • living
  • same
  • different
  • size

Question 68

Question
In scarcely more than twenty years, we have a) witnessed the collapse of the [blank_start]_______[blank_end] [blank_start]_____[blank_end] in 1989, b) which ushered in the end of the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]____[blank_end] era; c) the attack on the [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]_______[blank_end] towers in 2001, d) ushering in a new era of global insecurity in the face of 
 mounting [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; and e) the [blank_start]______[blank_end] [blank_start]__________[blank_end] of 2008, which threw the global 
 economy into a tailspin, heightened political conflict, and 
 widespread anxiety about the future.
Answer
  • Berlin
  • Wall
  • Cold
  • War
  • World
  • Trade
  • Center
  • terrorism
  • Great
  • Recession

Question 69

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., what were the five important critical junctures in recent history? a) 1989, which symbolizes the end of the [blank_start]_____[blank_end] [blank_start]____[blank_end], and a wave 
of capitalist democracies that replaced the former East versus 
 West divisions b) September 11, 2001, which reframes globalization, shifting 
 attention away from the development gap to [blank_start]__________[blank_end], 
security, and the use of force; c) 2008, a year that ushered in intense [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and economic 
crisis around the world; d) 2011, when [blank_start]____[blank_end]-[blank_start]__________[blank_end] movements toppled repressive
 regimes in North Africa and the Middle East, and Japan was 
rocked by a severe earthquake; e) 2014, when a resurgent Russia, under the increasingly 
 authoritarian leadership of Vladimir [blank_start]______[blank_end], annexed the 
 Crimea and violated the sovereignty of [blank_start]________[blank_end].
Answer
  • Cold
  • War
  • terrorism
  • financial
  • pro
  • democracy
  • Putin
  • Ukraine

Question 70

Question
What are the four themes incorporated by Kesselman, Krieger and Joseph, in analyzing comparative politics? a) The globalizing world of [blank_start]_______[blank_end], b) Governing the [blank_start]________[blank_end], c) The [blank_start]__________[blank_end] idea, d) The politics of [blank_start]___________[blank_end] identities.
Answer
  • states
  • economy
  • democratic
  • collective

Question 71

Question
What are the policies followed by the Keynesian approach to regulating the economy for achieving stable economic growth? a) During a recession, state budget [blank_start]_________[blank_end] are used to expand 
demand in an effort to boost both consumption and 
investment, and to create [blank_start]___________[blank_end]. b) During periods of high growth when [blank_start]__________[blank_end] threatens, 
cuts in [blank_start]___________[blank_end] spending and c) a tightening of [blank_start]_______[blank_end] are used to reduce demand.
Answer
  • deficits
  • employment
  • inflation
  • government
  • credit

Question 72

Question
Countries are: a) distinct, politically defined [blank_start]____________[blank_end] b) that encompass [blank_start]____________[blank_end], c) composed of political [blank_start]_____________[blank_end], d) as well as cultures, economies, and [blank_start]___________[blank_end] identities.
Answer
  • territories
  • governments
  • institutions
  • collective

Question 73

Question
One widely-used approach in doing comparative analysis involves developing causal theories: a) [blank_start]___________[blank_end] that can be expressed formally in a causal mode: b) “If X happens, then Y will be the [blank_start]_______[blank_end].” c) Such theories include factors (the [blank_start]____________[blank_end] variables, 
symbolized by X) d) that are believed to influence some outcome (the [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 
variable, symbolized by Y) that the analyst wants to explain.
Answer
  • ___________
  • result
  • independent
  • dependent

Question 74

Question
In many long-established democracies, the importance of identities based on class membership has declined, although economically-based sources of collective identity do remain significant in influencing citizens’ party affiliation and preferences about economic policy
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 75

Question
Identity-based conflicts appears to have disappeared with the rise of the nation-state and modernity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 76

Question
Politics in democratic regimes involves a tug of war among groups over relative power and influence, both symbolic and substantive.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 77

Question
According to Alfred Stepan, there are many states in the entire world that are relatively homogeneous nation-states.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 78

Question
Religion is the one area where the collective identity of a group tends to minimize conflicts.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 79

Question
The meaning of democracy has rarely, if ever, been a contentious issue because political scientists have formulated some very clear-cut and precise conditions for the lay person and social scientists to embrace.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 80

Question
The Chinese Communist Party monopolizes most decision making, and its leaders are chosen by self-selection rather than popular election.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 81

Question
In Iran, a theocratic authoritarian regime, there are no contested multiparty elections allowed by the Islamic clergy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 82

Question
Ever since democracy was restored in 1984, following a period of harsh military rule, Brazil has compiled a solid record of democratic practice.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 83

Question
For all of the problems that Putin has generated in Russia, there is one area where democracy holds true; that is, there are open and fair elections with multi-party competition.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 84

Question
Solidarities based on the shared experience of work or, more broadly, economic position refers to: 

Answer
  • religious affiliation
  • ethnic cohesion
  • social class
  • nationalism

Question 85

Question
We now know that the formation of group attachments and the interplay of politically relevant collective identities are:
Answer
  • far more complex and uncertain
  • more willing to peaceably and pragmatically pursue their interests
  • uniquely interspersed with other more reliable institutions
  • strictly tied to the formation of the state

Question 86

Question
The following country was carved out by colonial powers putting ethnic groups together with little regard to preexisting collective identities:
Answer
  • Japan
  • Nigeria
  • Turkey
  • Russia

Question 87

Question
One of the primary reasons for the attacks of 9/11 by Al Qaeda against the U.S. was:
Answer
  • the first war with Iraq
  • the support for a Lebanese outside military force headed by the Syrians
  • the daily propaganda by Al Jazeera and other Arab media that whipped up anti-American hostility
  • the stationing of Western military forces in what is regarded as sacred territory

Question 88

Question
The use of power, particularly by the state, to allocate some kind of valued resource among competing groups.
Answer
  • egalitarian politics
  • welfare state
  • distributional politics
  • affirmative action

Question 89

Question
He wrote that the ruling ideas of an age are the ideas of the ruling class—in other words that those with power and wealth shape the values in a society
Answer
  • John Stuart Mill
  • Karl Marx
  • Benjamin Franklin
  • Winston Churchill

Question 90

Question
A method of classifying by using criteria that divide a group of cases into smaller cases with common characteristics:
Answer
  • Hypothesis
  • Typology
  • Nomenclature
  • Model

Question 91

Question
Approximately, how many countries are there in the world today?
Answer
  • about 100
  • less than 120
  • more than 200
  • more than 270

Question 92

Question
Democratic political systems that have been solidly and stably established for an ample period of time and in which there is relatively consistent adherence to the core democratic principles: 

Answer
  • Consolidated Democracy
  • Operatic Liberty
  • Systematic Confederation
  • Democratic Centralism

Question 93

Question
Countries whose political systems exhibit some democratic and some authoritarian elements: 

Answer
  • transparent political systems
  • evolutionary democracy
  • adaptable governments
  • mixed systems

Question 94

Question
The richest 1 percent of Americans own how much of all U.S. wealth?
Answer
  • one-tenth
  • one-quarter
  • one-third
  • one-half

Question 95

Question
A system of rule in which power depends not on popular legitimacy but on the coercive force of the political authorities: 

Answer
  • Unitary
  • Authoritarian
  • Federalism
  • Confederation

Question 96

Question
The authors consider the following country a consolidated democracy:
Answer
  • India
  • Brazil
  • Cuba
  • Vietnam

Question 97

Question
According to Kesselman, et. al., what are the conditions that define a democracy? a) it requires the right of [blank_start]________[blank_end] b) it requires an independent [blank_start]__________[blank_end] c) it requires substantial [blank_start]_______[blank_end] equality d) it requires some [blank_start]_________[blank_end] of the [blank_start]_________[blank_end] field
Answer
  • privacy
  • judiciary
  • gender
  • leveling
  • economic

Question 98

Question
The term authoritarianism refers to political systems in which a) power (or authority) is highly concentrated in a single 
 [blank_start]___________[blank_end], b) a small group of [blank_start]_______[blank_end], or c) a single [blank_start]__________[blank_end] [blank_start]______[blank_end], ethnic group, region, or d) [blank_start]____________[blank_end].
Answer
  • individual
  • people
  • political
  • party
  • institution

Question 99

Question
A according to the Chinese Communist Party, the political system of the People’s Republic of China is: a) based on “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] democracy,” b) which it claims is superior to the “[blank_start]__________[blank_end] democracy” of 
 capitalist countries c) that favors the interests of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] citizens.
Answer
  • socialist
  • bourgeois
  • wealthier

Question 100

Question
Since Vladimir Putin’s reelection as president in 2012, the Russian government has engaged in numerous undemocratic practices including: a) arbitrary [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and b) rigged [blank_start]_______[blank_end] of opponents, c) repeated violations of the [blank_start]_____________[blank_end], and d) extensive political [blank_start]___________[blank_end].
Answer
  • detention
  • trials
  • constitution
  • corruption
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