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The Nature of matter, atomic structure and the periodic table

Description

A quiz to help students with early high school concepts of matter, atomic structure, and the periodic table.
BorisAiray125
Quiz by BorisAiray125, updated more than 1 year ago
BorisAiray125
Created by BorisAiray125 over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
A solid's particles are:
Answer
  • Closely packed and regularly arranged.
  • Close packed and irregularly arranged.
  • Sparsely collected and irregularly arranged.

Question 2

Question
A liquid's particles are:
Answer
  • Closely packed and regularly arranged.
  • Closely packed and irregularly arranged.
  • Sparse and irregularly arranged.

Question 3

Question
A gas' particles are:
Answer
  • Closely packed and regularly arranged.
  • Closely packed and irregularly arranged.
  • Sparse and irregularly arranged.

Question 4

Question
Which of these solid facts is incorrect?
Answer
  • Solid (s) particles are strongly attracted to one another and are arranged in a lattice form. Thus, they keep their own shape.
  • Solid particles can easily move around within the solid.
  • A solid cannot be compressed.

Question 5

Question
Which of these liquid facts is incorrect?
Answer
  • The attractive forces between liquid particles is more easily broken since the particles have more kinetic energy. This means they are more mobile than solid particles - liquids can flow, but still take the shape of their container.
  • Particles at the surface of a liquid can break away and escape - a liquid can evaporate.
  • There is a vast space between the particles in a liquid, so they can easily be compressed.

Question 6

Question
Liquids that mix with each other are immiscible. True or False
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
Which of these gas facts are incorrect?
Answer
  • Gas particles have even more kinetic energy than liquid particles and there is very little attraction between them. The particles move at very high speeds and independently of one another, so they fill any available space.
  • Gas particles collide with the surface of their container and exert pressure (force per unit area)
  • Gases do not mix readily with other gases, because of the particle's rapid motion.

Question 8

Question
As matter is heated... Choose the part of the process which are true.
Answer
  • As matter is heated, the particles gain kinetic energy, transferred from heat energy, and so are able to move faster.
  • As a solid is heated, the vibrations of its particles decrease, until eventually the particles are able to break away from each other into a sparse collection.
  • The temperature at which all solid becomes liquid is the solid's melting point.
  • Similarly, the particles in a liquid move faster as they are heated, until the particles break free of the liquid to become a gas. This temperature is called the liquid's boiling point.

Question 9

Question
An element is a substance containing more than one type of atom which can be broken down into simpler substances. Elements may exist as solids, liquids or gases and can be metals or non-metals. True or False?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
Compounds are substances in which atoms of different elements chemically combine. Compounds have different characteristics (properties) from those of the elements they are made of. The ratio of masses of each element always stays the same, and the elements are chemically combined and not easily separated by physical means.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
The substances in a mixture cannot be separated by physical means. A mixture contains fixed proportions of the elements or compounds within it, and has different characteristics to the elements it is made of.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
A pure substance is a single element or compound able to be identified by its distinct physical properties.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
Name the parts of this Helium atom, along with their charges and atomic masses.
Image:
16f9c083-1bd4-48b8-8f53-65b4f917180c (image/jpg)
Answer
  • Green= Proton, positive charge, atomic mass: 1. Red=Electron, positive charge, atomic mass: 1 Yellow=Neutron, negative charge, atomic mass: 1
  • Green=Neutron, neutral charge, atomic mass: 1 Red=Proton, positive charge, atomic mass: 1 Yellow=Electron, negative charge, atomic mass: 0
  • Green= Proton, neutral charge, atomic mass: 1 Red= Neutron, positive charge, atomic mass: 1 Yellow= Electron, negative charge, atomic mass: 0

Question 14

Question
Name the purpose of each part of Beryllium's section on the periodic table. Select the correct answers below.
Image:
93d3eaf8-c5df-4db3-aebe-336c7927b6b9 (image/png)
Answer
  • The '4' represents the Mass number. This indicates the number of protons and neutrons in the atom nucleus.
  • 'Be' is the sign for Beryllium.
  • The '4' represents the atomic number. This is the number of protons and also the number of electrons (number of protons = number of electrons)
  • The '9.012' is the atomic number. This is the number of protons and also the number of electrons (number of protons = number of electrons)
  • The '9.012' is the atomic number. This indicates the number of protons and neutrons in the atom nucleus.

Question 15

Question
An element may have different numbers of neutrons in the atom nucleus. These atoms with differing numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The number of neutrons does not affect the chemical behavior of the element, but some isotopes of elements are found to be radioactive, because their extra neutrons make the nucleus unstable.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Atoms can be stable if...
Answer
  • The electrons are found only in distinct energy levels.
  • The energy levels are located at fixed distances from the nucleus.
  • They have counseling.
  • There is the same amount of neutrons, protons and electrons in the atom.
  • Each energy level only has up to a certain amount of electrons. These can not be empty, nor can they have any more electrons than they allow.

Question 17

Question
Check the boxes of the correct answers. For the first 20 elements, the electron arrangement follows a pattern.
Answer
  • Level 1 = Max. 2
  • Level 2= Mass. 8
  • Level 3= Mass 16
  • Level 3= Mass 8
  • Level 4= Mass 32
  • Level 4= Mass 2

Question 18

Question
What is the octet rule?
Answer
  • A biological theory pertaining to octopuses.
  • Eight mad chemists who have started an evil science club whose aim is to rule the universe and all parallel/secondary universes.
  • 8 electrons always stay the same.
  • Atoms of elements 5-20 of the periodic table (B-Ca) become least stable when their inner energy level contains 8 electrons.
  • Atoms of elements 5-20 of the periodic table (B-Ca) become most stable when their outer energy level contains 8 electrons.

Question 19

Question
Elements on the periodic table are listed in order of increasing atomic number. Elements with similar properties are placed in the same column of the table.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Which of these is not true?
Answer
  • The periodic contains vertical columns, or groups; and horizontal rows, or periods.
  • Elements in the same column have the same electron number in the outer shell.
  • Elements with similar electron arrangements do not have similar chemical properties.

Question 21

Question
What are electrons in the outer energy level known as?
Answer
  • Peripheral electrons
  • Valence electrons
  • Hermit electrons

Question 22

Question
Which of these metal element facts are true?
Answer
  • A characteristic property of metals is their ability to lose electrons to form positive ions with a stable octet of electrons.
  • For metals with only one valence electron, the atom requires only a small amount of energy of remove the electron from the attraction of the nucleus.
  • For metals with two or three valence electrons, it requires more energy to remove the valence electrons.

Question 23

Question
What is an ion?
Answer
  • Iron (Fe) spelt wrong.
  • An atom which has lost or gained electrons.
  • An atom of an element containing a differing amount of neutrons.

Question 24

Question
True or false? Atom loses electron(s)= ion has overall negative charge Atom gains electron(s)= ion has overall positive charge
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Elements with 5,6, or 7 valence electrons tend to form a stable octet either by forming covalent bonds, or by gaining electrons to from negative ions.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Elements within the same group have very different reactions, because of differing numbers of valence electrons.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Which of these are correct?
Answer
  • Group 1 - Alkaline metals These elements have one valence electron. This is easily removed, so the elements are not very reactive. Their atoms undergo reactions where they lose the valence electron to from positive ions with a +1 charge
  • Group 2- Alkaline earth metals These elements have two valence electrons. Removing these requires more energy, because there is greater attraction to the nucleus. Their atoms undergo reactions where they lose the two outer electrons to form positive ions with a +2 charge
  • Group 17- The Halogens These elements have 7 valence electrons, just 1 short of a stable 'octet'. Their atoms readily undergo reactions where they gain an electron to form negative ions with a -1 charge.

Question 28

Question
Valence electrons in energy levels close to the nucleus are held most strongly and are the most difficult to remove. True or False?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
The reactivity of a metal will depend on how much energy is needed to remove the valence electrons to form a positive ion.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
Valence electrons in the second energy level are removed less easily than those from in the first level.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Elements within a group will have similar reactions because of similar electron arrangements. The reactivity of metals (the ability to form positive ions) increases as you go down a group). True or False?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
Chlorine, a group 17 non-metal has an atomic number of 17. What is the electron arrangement of a Chlorine atom? Hint: There are two answers here, both for stable and unstable atoms.
Answer
  • (2,4,6,5)
  • (2,8,7)
  • (8,2,7)
  • (2,8,8)
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