Revision MCQ [Globalization of CW]

Containment had failed despite American aid to Chiang and his KMT

The US decided to give up on the Asian continent and let USSR take over

The entire Asian containment was not potentially vulnerable to the communist menace

It potentially allowed the US to negotiate from position of strength, and served to offset Soviet superiority in conventional forces in Europe

THe people hailed McCarthy as the next President and supported his efforts to eradicate all the communists int he world

The US was in a mess as McCarthy pointed out all the communists in the US government and decided to work with them to overthrow Truman

There was a climate of certainty as McCarthy pointed out all the communists and after the communists were purged from government, people were more reassured

There was a climate of uncertainty as McCarthy accused the Democrats of not being firm enough in containing communism and alleged that there were actually communists in the US State Depeartment

A response to America's loss of its atomic monopoly as well as the communist takeover in China

Continuity: Reaffirming the objectives of containment

It brought about a change in US mindset as they decided to shift from containment to eradicating the USSR

Change: a departure from previous strategies and shift towards military buildup

Emergence as the controversial blueprint of global containment

Because of decolonization, the countries decided not to follow communism or democracy and formed their own non-aligned movement

Decolonization set the stage for the expansion of the Cold War by introducing new venues for nuclear warfare to be conducted

Conflict in Europe had stalemated, and it was evidently dangerous for competition to take place in a region where superpower forces were in close proximity

The contest of ideas/value systems as well as quest for dominance could thus be conveniently carried out in other regions where proxy wars could be means of indirect competition

The initial roots of the war lay in the superpower conflict as the US and USSR simply used Korea as a proxy to further their own agendas

The Korean War was initially a regional conflict between China and the US and the USSR simply interfered in this conflict

The Korean War was initially a regional conflict between China and the USSR

The initial stages of the conflict can be explained bu the clash of opposing nationalist visions and this was evident in the violence existing before the superpowers entered the scene

Stalin sent troops to invade Korea when war broke out

Stalin's abetting of the North Korean invasion

US sent over their nuclear weapons to aid South Korea in their fight for independence

America's military intervention through the leadership of a UN coalition

China's disgust at the extent of North Korean losses and eventual intervention

Kim was a nationalist who wanted to unify the Korean peninsula under communist rule

Kim wanted USSR to take over Korea and turn unified Korea into a satellite state in Asia

Kim wanted China to offer protection and aid to Korea when the US invaded Korea

Kim wanted reunification of the Korean peninsula and to rule Korea together with Syngman Rhee

A more favourable international environment was in place by 1950 with the communist victory in China

Stalin changed his mind because he wanted a war with the US and Korea was the perfect opportunity

The Soviets had achieved nuclear parity with the US

Dean Acheson's Defence Perimeter Speech excluded territories on mainland Asia, this meant that South Korea was not included

Stalin saw that the US was determined to fight to the end for Korea and decided to take the change to eliminate its enemy

5000 North Korean soldiers, battle-hardened by their experience in the Chinese civil war & spearheaded by 50 T-34 tanks, smashed through South Korea's border defenses

90,000 North Korean soldiers, battle-hardened by their experience in the Chinese civil war & spearheaded by 150 T-34 tanks, smashed through South Korea's border defenses

150,000 North Korean soldiers, battle-hardened by their experience in the Chinese civil war & spearheaded by 500 T-34 tanks, smashed through South Korea's border defenses

90,000 North Korean soldiers, battle-hardened by their experience in the Vietnam war & spearheaded by 500 T-34 tanks, smashed through South Korea's border defenses

"If we let Korea down, the Soviets will keep right on going and swallow up one piece of Africa after another. If we were to let Korea go, the Third World would collapse and there's no telling what would happen in Europe."

"If we let Korea down, the Soviets will stop after they have Asia. If we were to let Asia go, the USSR would be satisfied but there's no telling what would happen in Europe."

"If we let Korea down, the Soviets will keep right on going and swallow up one piece of Asia after another. If we were to let Korea go, the Near East would collapse and there's no telling what would happen in Europe."

"If we let Korea down, the Soviets will keep right on going and swallow up one piece of Asia after another. If we were to let Korea go, Asia would be peaceful but there's no telling what would happen in Europe."

USSR was boycotting meetings of the Security Council to protest against American refusal to accept newly communist China as a permanent member of the Council

USSR was boycotting meetings of the Security Council to protest against American refusal to accept newly communist North Korea as a permanent member of the Council

USSR was boycotting meetings of the Security Council to protest against American refusal to accept newly communist Africa as a permanent member of the Council

USSR was boycotting meetings of the Security Council to protest against American refusal to accept newly communist Germany as a permanent member of the Council

The Chinese felt that they could pressure USSR to send troops to Korea

Chinese national security was threatened

The Chinese were also concerned that Chiang and the KMT might launch a counter-revolution within China with the support of the US forces in Korea

Mao saw this as an opportunity to invade Korea and take control over the peninsula

Mao saw this intervention as his responsibility to promote international revolution

Implementation of NSC-68 - militarisation of containment

Strengthening regional alliances

It led to the Cuban missile Crisis

Strengthening key bastions of containment

Globalisation of containment: Renewed focus on Asia

US did not have enough troops to send to Cuba as they already sent too many to Korea/Vietnam

This was to be done without direct US involvement as the US could not be seen to be intervening in the domestic sovereignty of an independent state

US did not have enough money to carry out a war in Cuba

The CIA operatives should be enough to squash a puny bug like Castro

To ally with Castro secretly and turn the tables on the USSR

The ending of the conflict by signing a pact with Castro to make him promise not to be friendly with Khrushchev anymore

To scare Castro so that he would quietly return under the control of the US

The destabilisation of Castro's communist regime by a programme of covert action, economic and diplomatic isolation, and military pressure

Placed 42, 000 Russian troops on Cuba, equipped with short-range tactical nuclear weapons

Placed 100.000 Russian troops on Cuban soil and was all ready to invade the US

Placed 1000,000 ballistic missiles on Cuba and was ready to launch them

Placed 42,000 tanks on Cuba and was ready to fight their way to the US

He was desperate after the Berlin Crisis of 1961 which was widely perceived as an indicator of Soviet weakness

Khrushchev wanted to eliminate the US and start nuclear war

USSR's inability to match the US in strategic nuclear arsenals meant that he had to find a way to gain an advantage

The Chinese were increasingly harping on alleged Soviet weakness and hardliners in USSR were constantly pressing Khrushchev to stand up to the US in a more aggressive manner

He told them that everything was fine and they had nothing to worry about

He ordered a strict quarantine of Cuban waters, since technically a naval blockade was a declaration of war

He warned China not to interfere with the Cuban Missile Crisis

He warned Khrushchev that the US would regard any nuclear missile launched on Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere as an attack by the Soviets on the US

He demanded the removal of Soviet offensive weapons from Cuba

The first telegram was more polite and friendly

The second telegram wanted the US to withdraw American Jupiter missiles from Turkey and give them to the USSR

The second telegram wanted the US not only to agree to a non-invasion pledge , but also to remove tAmerican Jupiter missiles from Greece

The second telegram wanted the US not only to agree to a non-invasion pledge , but also to remove tAmerican Jupiter missiles from Turkey

Yes, Soviet actions of placing nuclear warheads 90 miles off the coast of Florida escalated the strategic nuclear threat to the US

Yes, Soviet nuclear warheads had never been within striking range before the CMC

No, the Soviets already possessed more nuclear missiles than the US and this incident did not significantly alter or add to the existing Soviet nuclear threat

No, the Soviets already possessed missiles of striking range even before placing missiles in Cuba and did not significantly alter or add to the existing Soviet nuclear threat