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Exam 2

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Chapter 4 and 5
Deana Heitkamp
Quiz by Deana Heitkamp, updated more than 1 year ago
Deana Heitkamp
Created by Deana Heitkamp about 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
What happens to the membrane portion of a vesicle after it fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents during exocytosis?
Answer
  • it becomes part of the plasma membrane
  • it is ejected from the cell
  • it is transported to another cell
  • it is digested by lysosomes

Question 2

Question
Osmosis is the movement of water
Answer
  • across extracellular space
  • from a large volume to a small volume
  • throughout the cytoplasm
  • from a compartment with a high concentration of water to one with low concentration of water
  • from a region with a low concentration of water to one with a high concentration of water

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is/are directly involved in the movement of flagella and cilia?
Answer
  • molecular motors
  • microtubules
  • ribosomes
  • molecular motors and microtubules
  • motors, microtubules, and ribosomes

Question 4

Question
Which of the following links the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton?
Answer
  • cholesterol molecules
  • transport proteins
  • actin filaments
  • microtubules
  • integrin proteins

Question 5

Question
Which of the following would most likely affect the rate of simple diffusion?
Answer
  • temperature
  • hydroxide ion concentration
  • isomerization
  • pH

Question 6

Question
Biological membranes are composed of
Answer
  • Phospholipids
  • protein
  • nucleic acid
  • phopholipids and proteins
  • phopholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 7

Question
A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will
Answer
  • change color
  • move to a isotonic solution by diffusion
  • expand and possibly explode
  • stay the same shape
  • shrivel up

Question 8

Question
Nucelar pores are functionally important because they facilitate
Answer
  • endocytosis
  • protein synthesis
  • transcription of mRNA
  • the movement of mRNA molecules form the nucleus into the cytoplasm
  • exocytosis

Question 9

Question
Membrane ion channels are an example of
Answer
  • co-transport
  • active transport
  • ion exchangers
  • facilitated diffusion
  • carrier transport

Question 10

Question
Which of the following allow for the exchange of various molecules between plant cells?
Answer
  • xylem
  • gap junctions
  • tight junctions
  • plasmodesmata
  • desmosomes

Question 11

Question
Which of the following are found within both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Answer
  • DNA
  • ribosomes
  • centrosomes
  • DNA and ribosomes
  • DNA, ribosomes, and centrosomes

Question 12

Question
The release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse is an example of
Answer
  • phagocytosis
  • exocytosis
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • pinocytosis
  • endocytosis

Question 13

Question
The energy for active transport comes from
Answer
  • cytoskeleton
  • ATP
  • pH
  • heat

Question 14

Question
Which transport mechanism is capable of bringing an entire cell into another, and most likely larger, cell?
Answer
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • phagocytosis
  • co-transport
  • pinocytosis

Question 15

Question
Plasma membrane integral proteins may be anchored in place by
Answer
  • cytoskeletal proteins
  • unsaturated phospholipids
  • cholesterol molecules
  • saturated phospholipids
  • glycoproteins

Question 16

Question
When a plant cell is exposed to an extracellular solution that is hypotonic, what part of the cell keeps it from rupturing?
Answer
  • chloroplasts
  • cell wall
  • plasma membrane
  • mitochondria
  • central vacuole

Question 17

Question
Water cannot flow across phospholipid bilayers by simple diffusion because
Answer
  • phosphate groups within the core of the membrane repel water molecules
  • fatty acids are too viscous
  • the concentration of water is always the same inside and outside of a cell
  • the fatty tails within the core of the membrane is hydrophobic
  • water molecules are attracted and bind to the polar head groups

Question 18

Question
A white blood cell can ingest a bacterial cell by the process of
Answer
  • receptor mediated hydrolysis
  • halitosis
  • exocytosis
  • pinocytosis
  • phagocytosis

Question 19

Question
Microtubules are important for
Answer
  • the structure of flagella and cilia
  • centriole structure
  • the movement of ions across the plasma membrane
  • structure of flagella and cilia and centriole
  • structure of flagella and cilia and centriole and movement of ions

Question 20

Question
A co-transporter membrane protein, for example the sodium-glucose transporter, typically uses which of the following to move molecules across the plasma membrane?
Answer
  • molecular motors
  • hydrolysis
  • glycosylation
  • ion gradients

Question 21

Question
A major function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
Answer
  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion
  • synthesize soluble proteins
  • sequestration and release of calcium ions
  • synthesize integral membrane proteins
  • protein modification

Question 22

Question
The major function of the mitochondria is to synthesize
Answer
  • ATP
  • proteins
  • nucleic acids
  • organic compounds
  • glucose

Question 23

Question
Which of the following directly require ATP hydrolysis to function?
Answer
  • Na/K ATPase
  • molecular motors
  • ion channels
  • Na/K ATPase and molecular motors
  • all

Question 24

Question
The sodium/potassium ATPase is considered electrogenic because
Answer
  • it produces an electrical potential across the plamsa membrane
  • hydrolysis of ATP results in the release of negatively charged inorganic phosphate molecules
  • it requires the presence of a membrane potential for its normal function
  • an electrical potential is required for ATP synthesis

Question 25

Question
Which of the following allows for the exchange of ions between animal cells?
Answer
  • tight junctions
  • plasmodesmata
  • xylem
  • gap junctions
  • desmosomes

Question 26

Question
Which characteristic of phospholipids contributes to the fluidity of the membrane?
Answer
  • the size of the polar head group
  • the type of extracellular sugar molecules attached to the protein
  • the number of peptide bonds
  • the relative composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
  • pH

Question 27

Question
In what way does receptor-mediated endocytosis differ from phagocytosis?
Answer
  • it does not invovle vesicle formation
  • in transports only fluid
  • phagocytosis can also expel substances from a cell
  • it brings into the cell only specifically targeted substances

Question 28

Question
The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is to
Answer
  • synthesize soluble proteins
  • synthesize integral membrane proteins
  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion
  • synthesize integral membrane proteins and proteins destined for secretion
  • synthesize soluble, integral membrane, and secretion proteins

Question 29

Question
Tight junctions
Answer
  • allow for the transfer of water and ions between animal cells
  • facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of animal cells
  • facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of plant cells
  • prevent solution/fluid from moving between the plasma membranes of two animal cells

Question 30

Question
The plant cell wall is mostly composed of
Answer
  • glycagon
  • amylose
  • cellulose
  • glycogen
  • amylopectin

Question 31

Question
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
Answer
  • Smooth ER
  • lysosome
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Rough ER
  • mitochondria

Question 32

Question
Chromatin within the nucleus of a cell contains
Answer
  • DNA
  • histone proteins
  • RNA
  • DNA and histone proteins
  • DNA, histone proteins, and RNA

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is/are examples of "bulk transport"?
Answer
  • pinocytosis
  • phagocytosis
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • All of the above

Question 34

Question
Portions of an integral membrane protein that typically pass through biological membranes are in the form of
Answer
  • a 9+2 microtubule arrangement
  • alpha helices with polar side chains
  • alpha helices with mostly non-polar side chains
  • beta-pleated sheets with polar side chains
  • complex, three dimensional shapes

Question 35

Question
How do gasses move through plasma membranes?
Answer
  • co-transport
  • aquaporins
  • ion channels
  • simple diffusion

Question 36

Question
The core of a phospholipid bilayer is
Answer
  • anthropomorhpic
  • polarized
  • hydrophilic
  • amphipathic
  • hydrophobic

Question 37

Question
Proteins are transported between the cistern of the Golgi apparatus by
Answer
  • intermediate filaments attached to the cis face
  • vesicles
  • microfilaments
  • microtubules
  • molecular motors

Question 38

Question
Free ribosomes within the cytoplasm
Answer
  • synthesize soluble mRNA molecules
  • synthesize proteins destined for secretion
  • synthesize integral membrane proteins
  • synthesize soluble proteins

Question 39

Question
The nuclear envelope is notable because it
Answer
  • lacks phospholipids
  • is constructed with DNA
  • lacks integral membrane proteins
  • is a double membrane

Question 40

Question
How does the sodium/potassium ATPase make the inside of a cell negatively charged?
Answer
  • by pumping more sodium ions out of the cell than pumping potassium ions into the cell
  • by pumping into the cell a large number of anions
  • by pumping an equal number of ions in and out of the cell
  • by pumping out anions

Question 41

Question
Simple diffusion is best characterized by
Answer
  • the passive movement of a particle from a region of high concentration to low concentration
  • the active transfer of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
  • the passive movement of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
  • the equilibrium state occurring between two compartments of equal concentration

Question 42

Question
Photosynthesis is performed in which of the following organelles?
Answer
  • mitochondria
  • Rough ER
  • christae
  • Golgi apparatus
  • chloroplasts

Question 43

Question
Which of the following intracellular structures most likely contributes to the mechanisms of endocytosis and exocytosis?
Answer
  • Golgi apparatus
  • nucleolus
  • ribosomes
  • chloroplasts
  • cytoskeleton

Question 44

Question
Phosphorylation of the sodium/potassium pump by ATP hydrolysis
Answer
  • underlies the pumping of Na and K ions by electrostatic repulsion
  • activates molecular motors
  • changes the shape/confirmation of the protein, permitting the pumping cycle to move forward
  • increases the viscosity of the local phospholipid bilayer
  • attracts Na and k ions to their respective binding sites

Question 45

Question
Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?
Answer
  • Rough ER
  • plasma membrane
  • nucleus
  • cholorplast
  • Golgi apparatus

Question 46

Question
Sheets of animal cells are held together by
Answer
  • gap junctions
  • desmosomes
  • fibronectin
  • plasmodesmata
  • integrins

Question 47

Question
Where in a eukaryotic cell would polysaccharides most likely be added to a newly synthesized protein?
Answer
  • mitochondria
  • Smooth ER
  • Rough ER
  • ribosomes
  • Golgi apparatus

Question 48

Question
Which of the following are found in a typical bacterial cell?
Answer
  • ribosomes
  • mitochondria
  • cell wall
  • ribosomes and cell wall
  • ribosomes, mitochondria, and cell wall

Question 49

Question
Active transport of sodium and potassium ions out of and into a cell, respectively, requires
Answer
  • hydrolysis of ATP
  • movement of phospholipids across the plasma membrane
  • phosphorylation of ATP
  • ATP synthesis
  • the presence of a membrane potential

Question 50

Question
Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
Answer
  • transfer of gases from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm
  • movement of carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane
  • efflux of sodium and the influx of potassium by the Na/K ATPase
  • carrier transport of glucose
  • proton pump extrusion of hydrogen ions
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