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Electrolyte Quiz

Description

Quiz on Electrolyte Quiz, created by Annelise Salmela on 29/08/2018.
Annelise Salmela
Quiz by Annelise Salmela, updated more than 1 year ago
Annelise Salmela
Created by Annelise Salmela over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Electrolytes are always balanced [blank_start]positive charge[blank_end] to [blank_start]negative charge[blank_end].
Answer
  • positive charge
  • negative charge

Question 2

Question
Clinical signs of hypernatremia are...
Answer
  • Skin Flushed
  • Agitation
  • Low grade fever
  • Thirst
  • Bloating
  • Edema
  • Salt crystals on skin

Question 3

Question
The most serious complications related to hypernatremia are...
Answer
  • seizures and coma
  • heart and renal failure
  • dehydration

Question 4

Question
Treatment for hypernatremia caused by low fluid volume includes
Answer
  • oral fluid replacement
  • isotonic IV fluids
  • hypotonic IV fluids
  • hypertonic IV fluids
  • sodium-free IV fluids
  • diuretics

Question 5

Question
Treatment for hypernatremia caused by excess sodium includes...
Answer
  • sodium-free IV fluids
  • diuretics
  • oral fluid replacement
  • hypotonic IV fluids
  • hypertonic IV fluids
  • isotonic IV fluids

Question 6

Question
In intracellular fluid (ICF), the primary cation is [blank_start]potassium (K+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]phosphate (PO4-3)[blank_end]. In extracellular fluid (ECF), the primary cation is [blank_start]sodium (Na+)[blank_end] and the primary anion is [blank_start]chloride (Cl-)[blank_end].
Answer
  • potassium (K+)
  • phosphate (PO4-3)
  • sodium (Na+)
  • chloride (Cl-)

Question 7

Question
What are nursing diagnoses for hypernatremia?
Answer
  • risk for injury
  • risk for fluid volume deficit
  • risk for electrolyte imbalance
  • risk for fluid volume overload
  • risk for electrolyte overload
  • risk for impaired fluid intake

Question 8

Question
Causes of hyponatremia are...
Answer
  • loss of sodium-containing fluids
  • excess water intake
  • potassium overload
  • cardiac or neurological issues

Question 9

Question
Fluid overload r/t hyponatremia (>110 mEq) is treated with
Answer
  • Isotonic normal saline (NS)
  • high sodium foods
  • oral sodium supplements
  • hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
  • decreased fluid intake
  • increased fluid intake
  • D5W
  • Lactaid Ringer's

Question 10

Question
Severe hyponatremia (<110mEq sodium) is treated with
Answer
  • hypertonic saline (3% NaCL)
  • isotonic normal saline (NS)

Question 11

Question
M.H. a 62 y/o female, was admitted with confusion and lethargy related to hyponatremia. Her husband tells you that MH. had c/o diarrhea over the past week and was drinking lots of water to prevent dehydration. What caused M.H.'s serum sodium level to fall?
Answer
  • hyponatremia
  • hypervolemia
  • diarrhea
  • hypernatremia
  • hypovolemia

Question 12

Question
Normal plasma potassium ranges between...
Answer
  • 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
  • 3.0-5.0 mEq/L
  • 3.5-5.5 mEq/L
  • 3.0-5.5 mEq/L

Question 13

Question
Functions of potassium include
Answer
  • regulating protein synthesis
  • glucose use and storage
  • maintaining action potential in excitable membranes
  • regulating insulin

Question 14

Question
Sources of potassium include...
Answer
  • potatoes
  • bananas
  • oranges
  • salt substitutes
  • stored blood
  • normal saline

Question 15

Question
Potassium is regulated by the GI tract
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
50% of all hypokalemia cases are caused by dietary insufficiency
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Metabolic alkalosis and magnesium deficiency can cause hypokalemia.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
The usual dose of potassium is 20-60 mEq every 12 hours
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Clinical manifestations of hypokalemia include
Answer
  • cardiac dysrthythmias
  • weak legs
  • difficulty breathing
  • decreased GI motility
  • impaired regulation of arteriolar blood flow
  • hyperglycemia
  • hypoglycemia
  • pleural effusion

Question 20

Question
A [blank_start]tele box[blank_end] is used to continuously monitor cardiac rhythm in patients with hyperkalmeia.
Answer
  • tele box

Question 21

Question
Overdosing on Lasix can cause hyperkalemia
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
Intravenous potassium can be administered via IV push.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Nephrolithiasis is a fancy word for [blank_start]kidney stones[blank_end].
Answer
  • kidney stones

Question 24

Question
Clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia include...
Answer
  • cramping leg pain
  • weak or paralyzed skeletal muscles
  • abdominal cramping or diarrhea
  • cardiac dysrhythmias
  • 2+ pitting edema
  • confusion
  • low grade fever
  • dry-flushed skin

Question 25

Question
Elimination of excess potassium is achieved by
Answer
  • diuretics
  • dialysis
  • Kayexalate
  • Syrup of Ipecac
  • increasing physical activity
  • cardiac medications
  • fluid restrictions
  • intravenous calcium gluconate
  • insulin

Question 26

Question
The relationship between calcium and phosphorous is best described as
Answer
  • a teeter-totter
  • two peas in a pod
  • a swingset
  • it's complicated

Question 27

Question
Two thirds of hypercalcemia cases are caused by osteoporosis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Treatment of hypercalcemia includes...
Answer
  • loop diuretic
  • isotonic saline
  • 3% NaCL IV
  • immobilization
  • physical activity
  • synthetic calcitonin
  • biphosphonates
  • increasing intake of dairy products

Question 29

Question
Decreased PTH, acute pancreatitis, multiple blood transfusions, and alkalosis can cause
Answer
  • hypocalcemia
  • hypercalcemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • hyperkalemia
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