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BIOL 108: Human Body Unit 3 Exam--Practice Quiz

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Unit 3 Practice
Hannah Erickson
Quiz by Hannah Erickson, updated more than 1 year ago
Hannah Erickson
Created by Hannah Erickson over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Label the different parts of the pulmonary circuit.
Image:
Blank Heart Blood Flow Diagram 255 Newcastle Betfred Eider Newcastle Horse Racing Betting Void (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • 1. Superior Vena Cava
  • 1. Inferior Vena Cava
  • 2. Superior Vena Cava
  • 2. Inferior Vena Cava
  • 3. Right Atrium
  • 3. Right Ventricle
  • 3. Left Atrium
  • 3. Left Ventricle
  • 4. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  • 4. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
  • 4. Tricuspid Valve
  • 4. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
  • 5. Right Atrium
  • 5. Right Ventricle
  • 5. Left Atrium
  • 5. Left Ventricle
  • 7. Aorta
  • 7. Pulmonary Artery
  • 7. Left Pulmonary Veins
  • 7. Right Pulmonary Veins
  • 8. Right Atrium
  • 8. Right Ventricle
  • 8. Left Atrium
  • 8. Left Ventricle
  • 6. Aorta
  • 6. Pulmonary Artery
  • 6. Left Pulmonary Vein
  • 6. Right Pulmonary Vein
  • 9. Right Atrium
  • 9. Right Ventricle
  • 9. Left Atrium
  • 9. Left Ventricle
  • 10. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  • 10. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
  • 10. Tricuspid Valve
  • 10. Bicuspid Valve
  • 11. Aorta
  • 11. Pulmonary Artery
  • 11. Left Pulmonary Veins
  • 11. Right Pulmonary Veins
  • 12. Superior Vena Cava
  • 12. Inferior Vena Cava
  • 13. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  • 13. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
  • 13. Tricuspid Valve
  • 13. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
  • 14. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  • 14. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
  • 14. Tricuspid Valve
  • 14. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
  • 15. Aortic Semilunar Valve
  • 15. Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
  • 15. Tricuspid Valve
  • 15. Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
  • 16. Aorta
  • 16. Pulmonary Artery
  • 16. Right Pulmonary Veins
  • 16. Left Pulmonary Veins
  • 17. Deoxygenated blood
  • 17. Oxygenated Blood
  • 18. Deoxygenated Blood
  • 18. Oxygenated Blood

Question 2

Question
A low hematocrit suggests that you have a high oxygen-carrying capacity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
A high white blood cell count suggests that you are either sick or having an allergic reaction.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
A differential white blood cell count is more useful than a total white blood cell count because it suggests what your body is fighting (such as a virus, bacterium, allergic reaction, etc.).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Select the phrase from the drop-down box with the most appropriate definition. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Removes microorganisms and old red blood cells from the blood 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Removes microorganisms and cellular debris from your lymph 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] An organ where T cells mature and undergo a selection process to kill cells that are ineffective or would attack your own body's cells 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Location where white blood cells are produced
Answer
  • 1. Lymph node
  • 1. Spleen
  • 1. Thymus
  • 1. Tonsil
  • 1. Red bone marrow
  • 2. Lymph node
  • 2. Spleen
  • 2. Thymus
  • 2. Tonsil
  • 2. Red bone marrow
  • 3. Lymph node
  • 3. Spleen
  • 3. Thymus
  • 3. Tonsil
  • 3. Red bone marrow
  • 4. Lymph node
  • 4. Spleen
  • 4. Thymus
  • 4. Tonsil
  • 4. Red bone marrow

Question 6

Question
This is the first step of a muscle contraction.
Answer
  • T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout a muscle cell.
  • Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
  • Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
  • Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
  • Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 7

Question
This is the second step of a muscle contraction.
Answer
  • T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout the muscle cell.
  • Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
  • Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
  • Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
  • Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 8

Question
This is the third step of a muscle contraction.
Answer
  • T-tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout the muscle cell.
  • Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
  • Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
  • Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
  • Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

Question
This is the fourth step of a muscle contraction.
Answer
  • T- tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout muscle cell.
  • Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
  • Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
  • Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
  • Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 10

Question
This is the fifth step of a muscle contraction.
Answer
  • T- tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout muscle cell.
  • Myosin binds to actin and pulls it towards the center of the sarcomere.
  • Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
  • Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
  • Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 11

Question
11. If I have a blood type of A+... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11.1: What antigens do I have? [blank_start]_________[blank_end] 11.2: Specifically, where are those antigens located? [blank_start]______[blank_end] 11.3: What antibodies do I have? [blank_start]______[blank_end] 11.4: Specifically, where are those antibodies located? [blank_start]______[blank_end] 11.5: Which ABO blood type(s) can I safely give blood to? [blank_start]______[blank_end]
Answer
  • 11.1 A and Rh
  • 11.1 B and Rh
  • 11.1 O and Rh
  • 11.2 On red blood cells
  • 11.2 In the blood plasma
  • 11.3 Anti-A antibodies only
  • 11.3 Anti-B antibodies only
  • 11.3 Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies
  • 11.3 Neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies
  • 11.4 On red blood cells
  • 11.4 In the blood plasma
  • 11.5: Type A only
  • 11.5 Type A or Type AB
  • 11.5 Type B only
  • 11.5 Type B or Type AB
  • 11.5 Type O

Question 12

Question
Blood is made of 4 main components. What are they? NOTE: Your answers are not case-sensitive. 1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • Plasma
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Platelets

Question 13

Question
The scientific term for a white blood cell is an erythrocyte.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Platelets help with blood clotting.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
Please select the cellular components of blood from the list below.
Answer
  • Plasma
  • Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
  • Leukocytes (white blood cells)
  • Platelets

Question 16

Question
Plasma carries most of the oxygen in the body.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Which of the following causes a high hematocrit?
Answer
  • Exercise in a low-oxygen environment
  • Menstruation
  • Dietary iron deficiency

Question 18

Question
Hematocrit is determined by the percentage of blood that is made of platelets.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Please select the following that are TRUE about white blood cells (WBC):
Answer
  • Their main function is to support the immune system and defend against all things foreign
  • A high WBC count is a sign that your body is healthy
  • WBC count can be differentiated to help you know what is in your body (virus, bacterium, allergen, etc.)
  • WBCs can leave the blood vessels to go to tissues to the site of an infection or injury
  • WBCs are also known as leukocytes

Question 20

Question
What causes agglutination to occur?
Answer
  • Antigens attack red blood cells with foreign antibodies, which causes the antigens and antibodies to clump together (agglutinate)
  • Antigens attack white blood cells with foreign antibodies, which causes the antigens and antibodies to clump together (agglutinate)
  • Antibodies attack red blood cells with foreign antigens, which causes the antibodies and antigens to clump together (agglutinate)
  • Antibodies attack white blood cells with foreign antigens, which causes the antibodies and antigens to clump together (agglutinate)

Question 21

Question
What are the three steps of blood clotting? Step 1: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Step 2: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Step 3: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • 1. Platelets form a plug
  • 1. Vascular spasm
  • 1. Clot forms a solid plug
  • 2. Platelets form a plug
  • 2. Vascular spasm
  • 2. Clot forms a solid plug
  • 3. Platelets form a plug
  • 3. Vascular spasm
  • 3. Clot forms a solid plug

Question 22

Question
Type O blood is the universal recipient blood type (ie, it can receive blood from any ABO type).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Select the most appropriate vocabulary term from the drop-down list for each question. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These vessels have the lowest blood pressure of any vessel on this list 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] This is the smallest blood vessel on this list 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These blood vessels transport blood from the heart to the tissues of the body 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] These vessels remove fluid from the spaces between the cells in your body's tissues
Answer
  • 1. Artery
  • 1. Blood capillary
  • 1. Lymphatic capillary
  • 1. Vein
  • 2. Artery
  • 2. Blood capillary
  • 2. Lymphatic capillary
  • 2. Vein
  • 3. Artery
  • 3. Blood capillary
  • 3. Lymphatic capillary
  • 3. Vein
  • 4. Artery
  • 4. Blood capillary
  • 4. Lymphatic capillary
  • 4. Vein

Question 24

Question
Select the appropriate term from the drop-down list for each cellular immunology attribute. 1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Kill infected body cells 2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Target specific antigens and can produce memory cells 3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Can kill a bacterium or virus that has not yet entered one of your cells 4. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] A non-specifc defence
Answer
  • 1. B cell
  • 1. T cell
  • 1. Natural killer cell
  • 1. Phagocytic cell
  • 1. B cell and T cell
  • 1. T cell and natural killer cell
  • 1. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
  • 2. B cell
  • 2. T cell
  • 2. Natural killer cell
  • 2. Phagocytic cell
  • 2. B cell and T cell
  • 2. T cell and natural killer cell
  • 2. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
  • 3. B cell
  • 3. T cell
  • 3. Natural killer cell
  • 3. Phagocytic cell
  • 3. B cell and T cell
  • 3. T cell and natural killer cell
  • 3. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell
  • 4. B cell
  • 4. T cell
  • 4. Natural killer cell
  • 4. Phagocytic cell
  • 4. B cell and T cell
  • 4. T cell and natural killer cell
  • 4. Natural killer cell & phagocytic cell

Question 25

Question
Select the appropriate type of muscle from the drop-down list with its appropriate definition. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Moves a bone of insertion towards a bone of origin 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Lines the walls of blood vessels 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Generates pressure that moves blood around the body
Answer
  • 1. Cardiac muscle
  • 1. Skeletal muscle
  • 1. Smooth muscle
  • 2. Cardiac muscle
  • 2. Skeletal muscle
  • 2. Smooth muscle
  • 3. Cardiac muscle
  • 3. Skeletal muscle
  • 3. Smooth muscle

Question 26

Question
This is the only muscle type that is under voluntary control:
Answer
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Smooth muscle

Question 27

Question
24. When you stand up suddenly after lying down for awhile, the pressure in your carotid artery (the major blood vessel that delivers ~80% of the blood to your brain) immediately decreases as gravity increases the flow of blood down and away from your brain and impairs the flow upwards toward your brain. How should the carotid artery respond… should it:
Answer
  • Contract (vasoconstriction)
  • Relax (vasodilation)
  • Not change

Question 28

Question
If you become dehydrated, and your body senses system-wide low blood pressure, how should your major arteries respond to restore a higher, normal pressure?
Answer
  • Contract (vasoconstriction)
  • Relax (vasodilation)
  • Not change

Question 29

Question
If a capillary bed in your spleen senses elevated blood pressure, how should your local arterioles respond to restore a lower, normal, safe pressures?
Answer
  • Contract (vasoconstriction)
  • Relax (vasodilation)
  • Not change

Question 30

Question
The major function of the 1st line of defense against pathogens is:
Answer
  • Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
  • Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body
  • Keep pathogens out of the body

Question 31

Question
Examples of the 1st line of defense against pathogens:
Answer
  • Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes
  • T cells, B cells, antibodies
  • Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes

Question 32

Question
The general function of the 2nd line of defense against pathogens is:
Answer
  • Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
  • Keep pathogens out of the body
  • Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body

Question 33

Question
Examples of the 2nd line of defense against pathogens include:
Answer
  • T cells, B cells, antibodies
  • Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes
  • Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes

Question 34

Question
The general function of the 3rd line of defense against pathogens is:
Answer
  • Specific defenses fight one particular antigen
  • Keep pathogens out of the body
  • Non-specific defenses fight off anything foreign that enters the body

Question 35

Question
Examples of the 3rd line of defense against pathogens:
Answer
  • Skin, acidic secretions, mucous membranes
  • T cells, B cells, antibodies
  • Fever, inflammation, Natural Killer cells, phagocytes

Question 36

Question
Arteries move blood away from the heart.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
Veins move blood toward the heart.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
Capillaries are the thickest and largest of the blood vessels.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Label the different muscle layers of blood vessels.
Image:
A Hr0c Hm6 Ly9p Lmlt Z3 Vy Lm Nvb S9a Un Ru Qz Zw Ln Bu Zw== (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • 1. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
  • 1. Endothelium
  • 1. Connective tissue
  • 2. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
  • 2. Endothelium
  • 2. Connective tissue
  • 3. Smooth muscle with elastic fibers
  • 3. Endothelium
  • 3. Connective tissue

Question 40

Question
An aneurysm is a weakening of the blood vessel wall.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 41

Question
Select the following which can cause an aneurysm to occur:
Answer
  • The blood vessel bulges outward
  • The blood vessel pinches inward
  • The blood vessel dies

Question 42

Question
What are the three methods of venous return (ie, how does blood return to the heart)? 1. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • One-way valves
  • Skeletal muscles
  • Respiratory muscles

Question 43

Question
These are the thin-walled receiving chambers of the heart:
Answer
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle

Question 44

Question
These are the thick-walled, strong chambers of the heart:
Answer
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle

Question 45

Question
What is the proper order of the SYSTEMIC CIRCUIT of the heart? [blank_start]left atrium[blank_end] --> [blank_start]left ventricle[blank_end] --> [blank_start]aorta[blank_end] --> [blank_start]body[blank_end] --> [blank_start]inferior vena cava[blank_end] --> [blank_start]right atrium[blank_end]
Answer
  • left atrium
  • left ventricle
  • aorta
  • body
  • inferior vena cava
  • right atrium

Question 46

Question
Arrange the following components of a muscle in order of increasing size:
Answer
  • Myofibril, fiber, fascicle, muscle
  • Fiber, myofibril, fascicle, muscle
  • Muscle, myofibril, fascicle, fiber
  • Fascicle, myofibril, fiber, muscle

Question 47

Question
The primary energy source used by muscle cells to generate ATP is
Answer
  • Calcium ions
  • Fatty acids
  • Proteins
  • Glucose

Question 48

Question
Blood doping is artificially increasing
Answer
  • Volume of blood plasma
  • Overall volume of blood
  • Number of RBCs
  • Number of WBCs

Question 49

Question
Calcium is important in muscle contractions because it
Answer
  • Helps the muscle action potential spread throughout the muscle cell
  • Binds to troponin, which moves tropomyosin away from myosin binding sites on actin
  • Quickly regenerates ATP after the ATP stored in the cell is used up
  • Binds to myosin, causing actin to slide past myosin, which causes the muscle to shorten

Question 50

Question
Which of the following would NOT cause an increase in the force generated by a contracting muscle?
Answer
  • More motor units recruited (or stimulated)
  • Larger motor units recruited (or stimulated)
  • Action potentials sent to the muscle more frequently
  • Larger action potentials sent to the muscle

Question 51

Question
Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity:
Answer
  • Is not effective against a preexisting condition
  • Involves the introduction of antibodies from an outside source
  • Results in the production of memory cells
  • Causes long-term immunity

Question 52

Question
Hemoglobin is a component of blood plasma.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
This type of cell is responsible for producing and releasing antibodies:
Answer
  • Plasma cell
  • Phagocyte
  • Natural killer cell
  • T cell

Question 54

Question
The “lub” of the “lub-dub” heart sounds that can be heard through a stethoscope happens when the right and left [blank_start]ventricles[blank_end] [blank_start]contract[blank_end].
Answer
  • ventricles
  • atria
  • relax
  • contract

Question 55

Question
Vaccines contain antigens of the pathogen.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 56

Question
Which of the following cell types is most useful to a runner in a marathon?
Answer
  • Slow-twitch muscle fibers
  • Fast-twitch muscle fibers
  • Reticular muscle fibers
  • Tetanic muscle fibers

Question 57

Question
An [blank_start]embolism[blank_end] occurs when a clot that forms in an undamaged vessel becomes dislodged, circulates through blood vessels, and eventually becomes stuck in a vessel, thereby blocking the flow of blood through that vessel.
Answer
  • embolism
  • aneurysm
  • infarction
  • thrombus

Question 58

Question
A person with dysfunctional platelets will have problems with
Answer
  • Fatigue/low energy levels
  • Increased risk of infection
  • Inflammatory responses
  • Impaired blood clotting

Question 59

Question
The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood to tissues throughout the body.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
When the hormone erythropoietin is released in response to low oxygen levels, it is transported to [blank_start]red bone marrow[blank_end] to stimulate red blood cell production.
Answer
  • kidney
  • spleen
  • red bone marrow
  • liver

Question 61

Question
Match each definition with its associated term from the drop-down list. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A disorder of the respiratory system that causes permanent damage by breaking down lung tissue 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] A blockage in a blood vessel that deprives cells of oxygen, causing tissue death 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Caused by an infection in the respiratory tract that increases mucus production, which decreases airway diameter, reducing air flow 4. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Can be caused by reduced iron, hemoglobin, or red blood cells
Answer
  • 1. Asthma
  • 1. Bronchitis
  • 1. Emphysema
  • 2. Anemia
  • 2. Aneurysm
  • 2. Embolism
  • 3. Asthma
  • 3. Bronchitis
  • 3. Emphysema
  • 4. Anemia
  • 4. Aneurysm
  • 4. Embolism

Question 62

Question
Match the appropriate term from the drop-down list to the following definitions. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] The volume of air that fills your lungs after you’ve exhaled as much air as you possibly can 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] CANNOT be measured using a spirometer 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end]The amount of air entering the lungs during a normal resting breath
Answer
  • 1. Vital capacity
  • 1. Residual volume
  • 1. Tidal volume
  • 1. Total lung capacity
  • 3. Vital capacity
  • 3. Residual volume
  • 3. Tidal volume
  • 3. Total lung capacity
  • 2. Vital capacity and residual volume
  • 2. Vital capacity and tidal volume
  • 2. Vital capacity & total lung capacity
  • 2. Residual volume and tidal volume
  • 2. Residual volume & total lung capacity
  • 2. Tidal volume & total lung capacity

Question 63

Question
Match the appropriate term from the drop-down box to its definition. 1. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Fragments of cells that help form blood clots 2. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Carries most of the oxygen traveling in your blood 3. [blank_start]______[blank_end] Makes up more than half of the volume of your blood
Answer
  • 1. Blood plasma
  • 1. Platelets
  • 1. White blood cells
  • 1. Red blood cells
  • 2. Blood plasma
  • 2. Platelets
  • 2. White blood cells
  • 2. Red blood cells
  • 3. Blood plasma
  • 3. Platelets
  • 3. White blood cells
  • 3. Red blood cells

Question 64

Question
The functional difference between the systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit is that the systemic circuit [blank_start]delivers oxygen[blank_end] [blank_start]to tissues[blank_end] and the pulmonary circuit [blank_start]picks up oxygen[blank_end] [blank_start]from the lungs[blank_end].
Answer
  • 1. delivers oxygen
  • 1. picks up oxygen
  • 2. to tissues
  • 2. from the lungs
  • 3. delivers oxygen
  • 3. picks up oxygen
  • 4. to tissues
  • 4. from the lungs

Question 65

Question
The pulmonary circuit uses more pressure than the systemic circuit.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 66

Question
A typical blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Does this refer to pulmonary or systemic pressure? [blank_start]______[blank_end] 2. What’s happening in the heart to generate the 120 mmHg? [blank_start]_______________[blank_end] 3. What’s happening in the heart when the blood pressure falls to 80 mmHg? [blank_start]_______________[blank_end]
Answer
  • pulmonary pressure
  • systemic pressure
  • 2. ventricular systole
  • 2. ventricular diastole
  • 3. ventricular systole
  • 3. ventricular diastole

Question 67

Question
You feel cold at the beginning of a fever because chemicals released cause your brain (hypothalamus) to reset your body’s thermostat to a higher temperature, which causes you to feel cold even though your body is at its usual 98.6°F.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 68

Question
Your fever ‘breaks’ when your hypothalamus resets your thermostat back to the normal temperature, but because your body has increased its temperature to match the higher setting you now feel hot.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 69

Question
One benefit of a high fever is that proteins can denature (unfold) at high temperatures.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 70

Question
One risk of a high fever is that it may inhibit some bacterial growth.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 71

Question
When you breath more deeply and quickly during exercise, this helps you
Answer
  • Unload more carbon dioxide by increasing the percent of air in your lungs that is carbon dioxide.
  • Unload more carbon dioxide by decreasing the total air pressure in your lungs.
  • Get more oxygen by increasing the percent of air in your lungs that is oxygen.
  • Get more oxygen by increasing the total air pressure in your lungs.

Question 72

Question
When hiking in the mountains at 12,000 ft of elevation, the atmospheric pressure is about 483mmHg. Oxygen makes up ~14% of alveolar air. The alveolar (lung) PO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) would be [blank_start]66mmHg[blank_end], which will result in [blank_start]less[blank_end] oxygen moving into the blood compared to what you would experience at sea level, where the atmospheric pressure is [blank_start]higher[blank_end].
Answer
  • 66mmHg
  • 760mmHg
  • less
  • more
  • higher
  • lower

Question 73

Question
A quiet/resting exhale relies on
Answer
  • Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
  • Contraction of intercostal and abdominal muscles
  • Recoil of lung tissues and contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
  • Surface tension of fluid lining the air sacs in the lungs and recoil of elastic fibers in lung tissue.

Question 74

Question
Select the following true statements about the effect of smoking on the respiratory system:
Answer
  • Smoking inhibits the activity of cilia lining the respiratory tract.
  • Particles and debris from the smoke accumulate in the mucus of the airway and increase risk for infections by pathogens.
  • The production of mucus increases in response to the presence of smoke.
  • Cilia once damaged by smoking can regrow once you stop smoking.

Question 75

Question
When comparing viruses and bacteria, which of the following is correct?
Answer
  • Viruses are larger than bacteria
  • Viruses and bacteria contain genetic material
  • Viruses have membrane-bound organelles; bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles
  • Viruses are pathogens; bacteria are beneficial

Question 76

Question
Select all of the lymphatic structures from the list below:
Answer
  • Thymus
  • Spleen
  • Kidney
  • Tonsils

Question 77

Question
Erythropoietin is released by the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] and travels through the blood to the [blank_start]red bone marrow[blank_end] where it stimulates red blood cell production.
Answer
  • 1. Thymus
  • 1. Kidneys
  • 2. Thymus
  • 2. Kidneys
  • 1. Red bone marrow
  • 2. Red bone marrow

Question 78

Question
Breathing in carbon monoxide can cause health problems because
Answer
  • It competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, which reduces oxygen loading at the lungs and delivery to the tissues
  • It can come out of solution while circulating in the blood, which forms tiny, painful bubbles in the blood
  • It can cause the formation of blood clots, which can block blood flow through vessels and cause tissue death from lack of oxygen
  • It reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 79

Question
Ebola has a high [blank_start]virulence[blank_end] but a fairly low [blank_start]transmissibility[blank_end].
Answer
  • 1. transmissibility
  • 1. virulence
  • 2. transmissibility
  • 2. virulence

Question 80

Question
The "lub" of the "lub-dub" heart sounds that can be heard through a stethoscope happens when which valves close? Select all that apply.
Answer
  • Aortic semilunar valve
  • Pulmonary semilunar valve
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 81

Question
Vaccination results in passive immunity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 82

Question
The [blank_start]alveoli[blank_end] is the site of gas exchange.
Answer
  • larynx
  • alveoli
  • thymus
  • trachea

Question 83

Question
Humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive, because they use oxygen
Answer
  • To efficiently make large quantities of ATP
  • As an important source of energy for cells
  • To make carbon dioxide, which is then used to produce ATP
  • To make glucose

Question 84

Question
Which of the following causes the swelling that is part of inflammation?
Answer
  • Vasoconstriction of local blood vessels
  • Enlargement of lymph nodes
  • Increased permeability or leakiness of local blood vessels
  • T cells that are attracted to the site of injury or infection

Question 85

Question
As you exhale, the diaphragm [blank_start]relaxes[blank_end] and becomes [blank_start]more[blank_end] dome-shaped.
Answer
  • contracts
  • relaxes
  • less
  • more

Question 86

Question
As you inhale, the diaphragm [blank_start]contracts[blank_end] and becomes [blank_start]less[blank_end] dome-shaped.
Answer
  • contracts
  • relaxes
  • less
  • more

Question 87

Question
The smallest known pathogens that contain RNA or DNA are called
Answer
  • Prions
  • Bacteria
  • Viruses
  • Allergens

Question 88

Question
Hypertension risk factors: [blank_start]High salt intake[blank_end] [blank_start]Stress[blank_end] [blank_start]Age[blank_end] [blank_start]Heredity[blank_end]
Answer
  • High salt intake
  • Stress
  • Age
  • Heredity

Question 89

Question
A heart attack is caused by the death of tissue due to a coronary vessel blockage.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 90

Question
The immune system and lymphatic system are synonymous (the same).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 91

Question
Select the following that are part of the INNATE defense system
Answer
  • Native killer cells
  • T cells
  • B cells
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils

Question 92

Question
Cytotoxic T cells:
Answer
  • Non-specific
  • Specific to one antigen
  • Memory response
  • Activated in the bloodstream
  • Activated in a lymph node
  • Kill abnormal or infected cells

Question 93

Question
The flu shot gives you passive immunity.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 94

Question
[blank_start]Antigens[blank_end] are in active immunization that helps you fight infections, whereas [blank_start]antibodies[blank_end] are in passive immunization that helps your body fight infections.
Answer
  • 1. Antigens
  • 1. Antibodies
  • 2. antigens
  • 2. antibodies

Question 95

Question
The upper respiratory tract deals with air only.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 96

Question
The purpose of the diaphragm is to power breathing.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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