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9352091
C9 - Atmosphere
Description
GCSE Nat: Chemistry Mind Map on C9 - Atmosphere, created by Lilac Potato on 18/06/2017.
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nat: chemistry
gcse
Mind Map by
Lilac Potato
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Lilac Potato
about 7 years ago
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Resource summary
C9 - Atmosphere
Evolution of atmosphere
Phase 1 - volcanoes gave out gases
Early atmosphere mostly carbon dioxide, virtually no oxygen
Like Mars and Venus
Some nitrogen, water vapour, small amounts of ammonia and methane
Phase 2 - oceans, algae and green plants absorbed CO_2
Water vapour condensed into oceans
Carbon dioxide dissolved in oceans, formed sediments on seabed
Algae and green plants absorbed carbon dioxide so they could do photosynthesis
Crude oil and natural gas formed from deposits of plankton
Coal is sedimentary rock made from thick plant deposits
Phase 3 - green plants and algae produced oxygen
Photosynthesis
Algae evolved first then green plants
As oxygen built up, more complex life evolved
200 million years ago, atmosphere reached composition similar to what it is today
80% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, small amounts of carbon dioxide, water vapour and noble gases
Greenhouse gases/ climate change
Methane, carbon dioxide and water vapour act like insulating layer
Don't absorb short wavelength radiation, do absorb long wavelength and re-radiate it, back towards earth
Polar ice caps could melt, rise in sea levels
Changes in rainfall pattern
Carbon footprints
Measure of amount of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases released over full life cycle of something
Reducing
Renewable sources used instead of fossil fuels
Using more efficient processes
Tax based on amount of greenhouse gases things emit
Cap on emissions
Technology that captures CO_2 before it gets released
Difficult because some don't want to reduce
Air Pollution
Carbon dioxide and water vapour released in complete combustion
Incomplete combustion, particulates of carbon and unburnt fuel are released and carbon monoxide
Particulates get stuck in lungs, respiratory problems
Global dimming, reflection of sunlight back into space
Carbon monoxide dangerous and stops blood transporting oxygen
Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause acid rain
Kills plants, damages buildings, corrodes metals, causes respiratory problems
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