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BACTERIA

CHARACTERISTICS
1. Prokaryote
  1. lack true nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts
2. Unicellular
  1. multiply via binary-fission (form of asexual reproduction)
STRUCTURE
1. Cell wall
  1. provide strength, support and rigidity
2. Plasma membrane
  1. semi permeable ; assist in transport of substances and removal of wastes
3. Cytoplasm
  1. consist all chemical components needed to sustain life of the bacteria
4. Ribosome
  1. made up of RNA and proteins
  2. freely floating structure that contributes in the transfer of genetic material
5. Flagella
  1. tail which allows bacteria to move
6. Capsule
  1. slime layer covering the outer cell layer
  2. stick cells together and also function as food reserve
7. Pilli
  1. short protein appendages that fix bacteria to surfaces
  2. link two bacteria together allowing DNA transfer
8. Plasmid
  1. small circles of DNA transferred between bacterial cells
SHAPES
1. Spiral
  1. spirilla
  2. spirochaetes
  3. vibrios
2. Bacilli (rods)
  1. spore-former
  2. flagellate rods
  3. chain of bacilli
3. Cocci (spherical)
  1. diplococci
  2. streptococci
  3. tetrad
  4. sarcina
  5. staphylococci
RESPIRATION
1. Aerobic
  1. require oxygen
2. Non-aerobic
  1. does not require oexygen
SOURCE OF ENERGY
1. Parasitic
  1. feeds on host cells
  2. present in plants, animals and humans
2. Symbiotic
  1. have mutual benefit from other organisms
  2. e.g. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
3. Heterotrophic
  1. unable to produce their own and thus, depend on other organic material
4. Autotrophic
  1. able to synthesize own food
  2. can be photoautotrophic or chemoautotrophic

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BACTERIA

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	Created by Elaine Lim about 7 years ago