8561861
Description
Mind Map by mia nicholls, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mia nicholls
over 7 years ago
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Natural Selection +
Genetic Modification
- genetic engineering
- involves the
use of
enzymes +
vectors
(carriers)
- involves modifying an
organisms geneome (its
DNA) to introduce
desirable characteristics
- enzymes can be used to cut up or
join DNA. vectors can be used to
insert DNA into other organisms
- involves the
use of
enzymes +
vectors
(carriers)
- selective breeding
- when features that are useful to
humans are bred into plants and
animals
- also called artificial
selection
- disadvantages:
- reduced variation (reduction in
different alleles
- health problems in animals
- a change in the environment could wipe
out the species
- reduced variation (reduction in
different alleles
- not just used in agriculture but also
in medical research
- when features that are useful to
humans are bred into plants and
animals
- tissue culture
- parent plant -> tissue
removed from tip of
the plant -> tissue
placed on a medium
containing growth
hormones
- tissue culture in medicine
- used to study viruses + medicine
effects
- dont need to test on
humans
- to avoid rejection in human replacement tissue
- used to study viruses + medicine
effects
- parent plant -> tissue
removed from tip of
the plant -> tissue
placed on a medium
containing growth
hormones
- evolution
- pendadactyl limb:
- 5 phlanges
- a humerous
- a radius
- an ulna
- 5 phlanges
- ARDI -> LUCY -> HOMO HABILUS -> HOMO ERECTUS
-> HOMO SAPIENS (US!)
- organisms COMPETE for food, water, mates etc
- GENETIC VARIATION or MUTATION within a species means that
some individuals are BETTER ADAPTED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT.
- the BETTER ADAPTED INDIVIDUALS survive long enough to REPRODUCE + PASS ON
THEIR GENES (SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST)
- over a LONG PERIOD OF TIME, the ADVANTAGEOUS GENES will INCREASE IN POPULATION
- over a LONG PERIOD OF TIME, the ADVANTAGEOUS GENES will INCREASE IN POPULATION
- the BETTER ADAPTED INDIVIDUALS survive long enough to REPRODUCE + PASS ON
THEIR GENES (SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST)
- GENETIC VARIATION or MUTATION within a species means that
some individuals are BETTER ADAPTED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT.
- pendadactyl limb:
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