ACUTE INFLAMMATION 2/2

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Bio Med and Pathology Mind Map on ACUTE INFLAMMATION 2/2, created by aahughes on 18/04/2013.
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Mind Map by aahughes, updated more than 1 year ago
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ACUTE INFLAMMATION 2/2
  1. CHEMOTAXSIS: chemical attraction
    1. Arrival of neutrophils is mediated by CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS
      1. These factors bind to receptors on tissue damage and activate messenger signals
        1. Main chemotactic factors: COMPLOMENT(C5a), LEUKOTRIENE(LTB4), BACTERIAL TOXINS
    2. ROLE OF NEUTROPHILS
      1. MOTILITY
        1. ADHESION TO MICROORGANISMS
          1. PHAGOCYTOSIS
            1. INTRACELLULAR KILLING
              1. RELEASE OF LYSOSOMAL PRODUCTS
      2. OPSONIN: A binding enhancer for pahgocytosis
        1. PHAGOCYTOSIS
          1. Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes attachby membrane receptors
            1. Surround it by pseudopodia, which fuse together
              1. Lysosomes fuse(digestive enzymes)
                1. after destroyed clearing up is left to macrophages
          2. The main purpose of inflammation is to protect tissues: chance of damage still exists
            1. KININS:PROTEINS FROM BLOOD
              1. Activated by coagulation factorXII (Hageman factor)
                1. Most important in bradykinin - pain mediator
              2. INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS
                1. Cause:VASODILATION
                  1. EMIGRATION OF NEUTROPHILS
                    1. CHEMOTAXIS AND INCREASED VASCULAR PERMEABILITY
                  2. CELLULAR MAEDIATORS:
                    1. HISTAMINE
                      1. LYSOSOMAL COMPOUNDS
                        1. LEUKOTRIENES
                        2. PROSTAGLANDINS
                          1. SERETONIN
                            1. LYMPHOKINES
                        3. COMPLEMENT
                          1. Enzymatic proteins produced in the liver and secreted into blood
                            1. Helps Ab and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens
                              1. OPSONISATION:enhances phagocytosis, IgG and c3
                                1. CHEMOTAXSIS:attraction of other immune cells
                                  1. LYSIS: rupturing foreign cells
                                    1. CLUMPING:of antigens
                          2. COAGULATION SYSTEM
                            1. Conversion of FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN
                              1. Major component of inflammatory exudate
                            2. POSSIBLE OUTCOMES OF AI
                              1. RESOLUTION:minimal cell death, rapid destruction of agent, removal of exudate
                                1. SUPPURATION:formation of pus, agent is persistent, surrounded by pyogenic membrane
                                  1. ORGANISATION:replacement of tissue with granular tissue
                              2. PROGRESSION TO CHRONIC
                                1. If causative agent persists - character of exudate changes lymph and macrophages
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