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4087978
Public Health (PH)
Description
Mind Map on Public Health (PH), created by youmeatlays on 21/11/2015.
Mind Map by
youmeatlays
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
youmeatlays
over 8 years ago
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Resource summary
Public Health (PH)
Prehistoric
No system in place
Hunter Gatherers would move away from their waste which prevented disease
Farmers would have a constant source of food
Ancient Egypt
Little improvement
Sand buckets used for waste and then thrown away
Papyrus
Used for recording
Ancient Greece
An Asclepia in every major town
(gymnasia, baths, etc)
Hippocrates suggested good diet & exercise
Ancient Rome
Cared about health of soldiers (for war purposes)
So good facilities provided
Conquering other countries
To keep citizens calm & stop panicking they provided excellent PH
Aqueducts invented
"Fresh water" in towns
Public baths, toilets and sewers
(7 SEWERS IN ROME)
Gov Officials monitored for cleanliness
Fall Of Roman Empire
Invaded
Empire broke up into different countries
Engineering knowledge lost
No stability
Countries cared more about war than PH
No bath houses, etc
Early Middle Ages
Throw waste out of windows, through the streets
Waste ran to rivers, which was a supply of drinking water
Animals in streets
Gov didn't care about PH
RELIGION HINDERED
Thought God sent diseases
Houses packed tightly together
Late Middle Ages
Religion had benefits such as washing themselves
Monesteries had efficient water pipes
Law to make cesspits a certain distance from water supplies & lined with stone
Rakers employed
NOT ENOUGH PEOPLE TO BE ENFORCED
The Black Death (1348)
Religious PH used = bad
King Edward III told everyone to clean up towns
Shows improvement
Renaissance
The Great Plauge (1665)
Seal houses for 28 days
Red crosses on doors
Watchmen
Plague Doctores
Mass graves
The Great Fire (1666)
Bills of Mortality
Recorded deaths & causes
Industrial Revolution
EARLY 1800s = WORST PH EVER!
People moved from countryside to cities
Cramped
Bad housing cos quickly built
Not enough sewers
Bad working conditions
Kids worked at a too early age
Gov had a "laissez faire" attitude
Low life expectancy
Edwin Chadwick's 1842 Report
"Disease caused poverty" so if the Gov provided clean water, they would save money
1848, PUBLIC HEALTH ACT (influenced by cholera epidemic & Chadwicks report)
Not followed or compulsory
Suggest Board of Health (103 towns), to clean towns, & medical oficers
Reasons the Gov started improving
1852, Jenners smallpox vaccination
Dr John Snow, 1854
Investigated cholera
Broad Street pump (SCIENCE&TECH)
Small affect
Great Sink of 1858
1864, Germ Theory by Pasteur
1867, Working Class Men Vote
Joseph Bazalgette built London underground sewers
COMPULSORY
Octavia Hill led to Artisans Dwelling Act (1875)
1875, 2nd Public Health Act
Compulsory
Modern
Gov cares about individuals
2nd Boer War
Men weren't fit enough to fight
Rowntree's & Booth's reports
1906-1912 Gov Liberal Reform Acts
Medical checks (1912), free school meals, compulsory training for midwives, Old Age Pension (1908)
After WW1
"Homes for Heroes" by PM David Lloyd George
1919, Housing Act (provides good homes for the working class)
WW2 led to NHS being made
Beveridge, 1948 report on free health service
1946, decision of NHS (LAW)
1948, NHS existence
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