Yasser is falling behind

anatomy and histology of pituitary gland
1. Brain
  1. forebrain
    1. Diencephalon
      1. ventral hypothalamus
        Pituitary gland
        hypothalamic nuclei and neuroendocrine cells
        Neurohypophysis
        median eminence
        infundibulum stem
        pars nervosa
        adenohypophysis
        pars tuberalis
        pars intermedia
        pars distalis
normal growth rate
1. height
2. weight
4. growth spurts
diagnosis
1. Growth Hormone deficiency
  1. pituitary gland doesnt produce enough growth hormone
  2. epidemiology
    1. around 1 in every 4000 children have GHD
  3. treatment
  4. investigations
    1. tests
      1. blood tests
        GH
        IGF-!
        CBC
        serum protein
      2. karyotyping
      3. xrays
        wrists
    2. physical examination
    3. growth chart
      1. GHD
      2. normal
  5. Growth hormone
    1. exerts effects on almost all tissues
      1. indirectly
      2. directly
      3. bones
      4. muscles
      5. cartilage
      6. liver
      7. adipose tissue
    2. produced in anterior pituitary gland
    3. 191 amino acids-polypeptide chain-2 internal disulfide bridges
  6. clinical presentation
    1. acquired
      1. delayed puberty
        baldness in men
        reduced bone mass and osteoporosis
        reduced energy
        increased body fats
    2. congenital
      1. growth failure
        slower developmental milestones
        reduced energy
        impaired concentration
        both height and weight lower than should be

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Yasser is falling behind

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	Created by almasa b over 2 years ago