KQ3: Environmental Issues Associated with Rural Change Case Study: East Anglia

Issues
1. Land use change
  1. Loss of hedgerows
    1. Farm amalgamation and decline of livestock farming
    2. Mechanisation
      1. Larger fields
  2. Loss of natural habitats
    1. Woodland, lowland heath and wetlands have been lost
      1. Due to intensification of agriculture
      2. Has lead to decline in bird and insect numbers and plant diversity
2. Water Pollution
  1. Caused by the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides
  2. Eutrophication
3. Land Degredation
  1. Decline in productive output of land
  2. Soil erosion
    1. Increase in arable rather than livestock farming
    2. Increased use of chemicals
Management
1. CAP
  1. Aims to promote sustainable agriculture by offering payments for meeting certain goals
    1. E.g. not overgrazing land
  2. EU Policy
  3. Resulted in overproduction
  4. Prevents land degradation and eutrophication
2. Set-a-side
  1. EU Policy
  2. Aims to reduce overproduction of crops and therefore keep prices reasonable
  3. Farmers are paid not to farm certain fields
  4. Controversial
  5. Prevents land degradation and eutrophication
3. Environmental Stewardship Scheme
  1. Rewards farmers for conservation of biodiversity and the maintanance of the landscape
  2. National Scheme
4. Nitrate Vulnerable Zones
  1. 55% of England
  2. Farmers are given compensation for using smaller amounts of nitrates
Case Study: South Cambs
1. Guided Bus
  1. Biofuel buses
  2. Reduces congestion
    1. Reduces commute time
      1. Reduces pollution
2. Widening A14
  1. Reduces congestion and accidents
    1. Reduces commute time
      1. Reduces pollution
  2. Only small segment
    1. Worth expense?

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KQ3: Environmental Issues Associated with Rural Change Case Study: East Anglia

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	Created by sophie.c.cook over 10 years ago