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Acute Abdomen

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Mind Map on Acute Abdomen, created by Eslam Ebrahim on 10/03/2018.
Eslam Ebrahim
Mind Map by Eslam Ebrahim, updated more than 1 year ago
Eslam Ebrahim
Created by Eslam Ebrahim over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Acute Abdomen
  1. Definition
    1. Sudden, severe abdominal pain
    2. Causes
      1. Acute appendicitis
        1. Acute peptic ulcer and its complications
          1. Acute intestinal ischemia
            1. Acute cholecystitis
              1. Ovarian torsion
                1. Acute peritonitis
                  1. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
                    1. Kidney Stones
                      1. Pancritits
                      2. Also caused by
                        1. Acute pancreatitis
                          1. Pancreatic Secretory function
                            1. Exocrine
                              1. Stimulated by chyme in the upper part of the small intestine
                                1. Digestive enzymes for protein, carbohydrates and fats
                                  1. Acini
                                  2. Aqueous component bicarbonates ions and water
                                    1. Epithelial cells of the ducts
                                2. Endocrine
                                  1. Secretion of hormones directly into the blood
                                3. causes
                                  1. Alcoholism
                                    1. Gall stones
                                      1. Medications (thiazides)
                                        1. Hypertriglyceridemia
                                          1. hypercalcemia
                                            1. Infections: mumps, coxackie, CMV
                                              1. Genes: PRSS1, SPINK1
                                              2. Pathophysiology
                                                2. Sign & symptoms
                                                  1. Upper abdominal pain
                                                    1. Fever
                                                      1. Rapid pulse
                                                        1. Nausea & vomiting
                                                          1. Tenderness when touching the abdomen
                                                  2. complications
                                                    1. SIRS
                                                      1. Pseudocyst
                                                        1. Infected pancreatic necrosis
                                                          1. Adenocarcinoma
                                                            1. DIC + ARDS
                                                    2. Lab investigations
                                                      1. Serum amylase
                                                        1. Serum lipase & SIT
                                                          1. Decreased fecal elastase
                                                            1. Neutrophilic leukocytosis
                                                      2. Other investigations
                                                        1. MRI
                                                          1. ERCP
                                                          2. Management
                                                            1. nutritional support
                                                              1. fluid resuscitation
                                                                1. pain control
                                                                  1. Surgery
                                                        2. Anatomy of the pancreas
                                                          2. Histology of the pancreas
                                                            2. innervation od the abdomen

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