10541662
Description
Mind Map by Chloe Drewery, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chloe Drewery
over 6 years ago
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Ecosystems
- Succession
- Net Primary Productivity (NPP) = The
total amount of energy transferred
from sunlight to chemical potential
energy (biomass) less any used in
respiration.
- Succession = When changes
to the environment causes
the plant and animal
species to change.
- Primary Succession: This is where life
has to re-establish from bare rock.
- Secondary Succession: Disturbance but
the soil remains. This could be due to a
forest fire. Pioneer species come in, then
intermediate.
- Climax stage: What happens
after succession.
- Net Primary Productivity (NPP) = The
total amount of energy transferred
from sunlight to chemical potential
energy (biomass) less any used in
respiration.
- Population Sustainability
- A limiting factor is an environmental resource or constraint that limits
population growth. These are abiotic and biotic factors.
- Population growth curve - This has three stages. Stage
1 - Lag phase where a small population is
reproducing. Here the birth rate is higher than the
death rate. This is a period of slow growth.
- Log phase - A period of rapid growth.
The population increases exponentially.
Here there are no limiting factors.
- Stationary phase - Population growth is prevented by
external constraints. Here population size is generally
stable but it can fluctuate.
- A limiting factor is an environmental resource or constraint that limits
population growth. These are abiotic and biotic factors.
- Competition
- Interspecific competition - competition between different species.
- Intraspecific competition - competition between members of the same species.
- Interspecific competition results in the decline in resources for both
populations. Therefore less energy for growth and reproduction.
- The less adapted species will be outcompeted.
- Intraspecific variation - The availability of the resource determines the population size.
Stage 1 - When a resource is plentiful , all organisms have enough of the resource to
survive and reproduce. Stage 2 - Increased population means there are many more
individuals sharing the same number of resources. So population decreases in size.
Stage 3 - Less competition means less competition for the same resources. So
population grows again.
- Interspecific competition - competition between different species.
- Ecosystems
- Ecology: The name given
to the study of
relationships between
organisms and their
environment.
- An ecosystem is the
area where living
organisms and
non-living conditions
interact with each
other.
- Abiotic factors: Soil pH,
temperature, light intensity,
humidity, oxygen and edaphic (soil).
- Biotic factors: Disease, invasive species
and reproduction.
- Ecology: The name given
to the study of
relationships between
organisms and their
environment.
- Energy
Transfer
- 1-3% of the sun's light is captured by the
plants/algae.
- 90% if the sun's energy is
reflected by dust/clouds or
absorbed by the atmosphere.
- Light may not fall on a chlorophyll
molecule.
- A factor, such as low CO2 levels will inhibit
photosynthesis, therefore the sun's energy
isn't used for photosynthesis.
- 1-3% of the sun's light is captured by the
plants/algae.
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