96244
Description
Flashcards by serenacutbill, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by serenacutbill
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Health and Safety of Staff | Health & Safety Executive produced "Health and Safety for Zoos" http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/web15.pdf |
| Laws | Animal Welfare Act 2006 Zoo Licensing Act 1981 SSSMZP Animal Health Act 2002 (have to report notifiable disease to DEFRA) |
| What is 'good health'? | Animals may not always show poor health - prey species Good health requires regular monitoring (of body measurements) Examining records could indicate disease |
| How can health be assessed? 1. Loss of appetite/reduced water intake Can be difficult to monitor in group Observe at 'feeding times' Monitor weight, lethargy | 2. Changes in behaviour Isolation from group Changes from normal Coughing Shaky on feet |
| 3. Change in faeces and urine Hard F+, straining-constipation Loose F+-diarrhoea Changes in colour-cloudy Amount produced | 4. Posture and gait Hunched, lameness Grinding teeth, shifting weight Unwilling to stand or move |
| 5. Vomiting Not all species can V+ When does animals V+ - after food, after water, certain time Any blood present in V+ | 6. Obvious signs of pain Changes in posture, gait (freq) Vocalisation, Aggression Licking, biting, chewing, grinding teeth Rolling, kicking, restlessness |
| 6. Obvious signs of pain 2 Breathing - shallow, tachypnoea, dyspnoea Twitching, muscle spasm, straining Lethargic, depression Sleeplessness, lying motionless | 7. Changes in colour/appearance of mm Should be pink in mouth Pale - anaemia Blue - low 02 in blood |
| 8. TPR Need to know normal for species Changes from normal indicate ill health | Zoo Health can be compromised v. little research on poor enclosure effect on health Assumed it does - physically and mentally |
| Stress causes immunosuppression Fighting between animals Wrong diet, Disease from pests Ill health from foreign objects Visitors littering Genetic diseases | Could be argued they have better health than wild: Preventative medicine Veterinary treatment Better diet No risk of predation |
| Keepers role in animals health: | Key role Notice slight changes Vet staff work closely with keepers Also involved in handling and restraint |
| Preventative care: 1. Correct diet Should have correct nutrition Often keepers and vets will discuss nutrition To ensure good health | 2. Hygiene Regular poo picking Use of disinfectants in enclosure Use of power hoses should be minimal Washing/sanitising hands & equipment |
| 3. Parasite Control Endoparasites: Helminths (Nematodes, Platyhelminths, Cestodes, Trematodes) Ectoparasites: Flies, Lice, Fleas, Mites, Ticks | 4. Pest Control Vectors - e.g. rats, mice, birds, insects, larger mammals Face ethical problem - kill pests? Using inhumane poisons Traps |
| 5. Enclosure Design Safety, Injury Ventilation, Drainage Humidity, Lighting | 6. Regular health checks Weight, Body score/condition Eyes, nose, backend Mouth, Teeth |
| 7. Vaccination No vaccs specifically designed for zoo animals Make do with vaccs from CA and LA | 8. Quarantine and Isolation New stock: time depends on species (Equids-30days, Primates-60-90days) Sick stock: need adequate facilities, away from others, access |
| 9. Foot Care Most common issue in captive animals Check regularly for overgrowth, injuries, abscesses, cracks in hooves/soles | 10. Post Mortem Cause of death may be infectious Keeping records can identify long-term issues |
| Treatment | Can be stressful - capture, restraint, procedure, reintro into group May be better to leave animal alone Vets and keepers carefully decide action taken Alternatives used - meds in food |
| Managing pain | Assessing pain is difficult Ethical duty to reduce pain Given orally, topically or via inj I/m drugs given via dart gun |
| Managing pain | Assessing pain is difficult Ethical duty to reduce pain Given orally, topically or via inj I/m drugs given via dart gun |
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