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Description
Flashcards by Syabil Hafizdini, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Syabil Hafizdini
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a RAM? | Random Access Memory (RAM) |
| What are the difference a RAM and hard-disk | - RAM holds the data in the circuitry that is directly connected to the system board. - The hard-disk storage places the data on magnetic media. - RAM is a temporary storage and permanent storage RAM has lesser storage capacity than hard-disk storage. |
| What kind of memory is RAM classified as? | - Volatile memory, once the power is off, the memory contained is lost. |
| What are the characteristics that can be used to describe memory and storage devices? | - Cost, Capacity, Volatile, Non-Volatile, Speed. |
| Difference between Primary and Secondary storage. | ● Primary storage is faster and more expensive, directly accessed by the CPU E.g. are RAM, Cache with the exception of ROM (Read-Only-Memory) ● Secondary storages are Non-Volatile, Large capacity. E.g. are Hard disk, Tape Drives |
| What is DDR? | Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory. |
| What are the differences between DDR2, DDR3, and DDR4? | - Speed: DDR2 < DDR3 < DDR4 - Power consumption: DDR2 (1.8V) > DDR3 (1.5V) > DDR4 (1.2V) - DDR4 is more expensive than DDR3. Not easy to find DDR2. |
| What is the purpose of processor cache? | - One of the uses of the processor cache is to store data that future request of the data can be faster. E.G Locality of reference or Frequency of reference. |
| What is the formula for Average Memory access time? | Average memory access time = hit time + (miss rate x miss penalty) - Access time = Overall time to get the data. - Hit time = time took to retrieve data from the cache. |
| What is the formula of Average access time and Latency? | - Average access time = latency + average seek time - Latency = 30,000/Spindle Speed |
| How do we interpret the Average access time formula? | - Latency: Disk latency is the time it takes for the selected sector to be positioned under the read/write head or is commonly known as the rotational delay. - Seek time: Seek time is the time taken for a hard disk controller to locate a specific piece of stored data. |
| What is the difference between sequential access and direct(random) access? | Random access - Hard disk Sequential access - Tape drive Sequential access mean that to access a group or an element, it is accessed in a predetermined sequence. Random access means that it can access a group or an element of a data at any given condition or addressable location. |
| What are the factors affecting the transfer rate of the storage device? | - Transfer Rate: Disk-to-buffer data transfer rate - Access Time: Time to access the data on an HDD - Besides access time, the access speed will also be affected by the latency delay and the connector to the device |
| What are the differences between HDD and SSD? | ● SSDs have no moving parts ● SSDs have faster access time (read/write) ● SSDS -have a higher cost per byte figure ● SSDs are more robust/ less fragile ● SSDs consume less power ● SSDs have a smaller physical size ● SSDs are unaffected by magnets and magnetic fields |
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