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Created by Mel Hughes
almost 8 years ago
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Question | Answer |
Which type of cell division produces two identical cels from the original cell? | Mitosis |
What type of cells are produced by meiosis? | Sex cells or gametes, eggs and sperm |
Explain how four gametes are formed from one cell | There are two sets of cell division. A body cell divides into two each divides again |
Where are stem cells found in adult humans? | Bone marrow |
Which scientist worked out how characteristics are inherited? | Mendel |
What does a gene code for? | The order of amino acids in a protein |
Which sex chromosomes are found in human males? | X and Y |
What is meant by the term 'phenotype'? | This is a description of the physical characteristics |
Name a genetic disorder which is controlled by a dominant allele | Polydactyly |
What are the chances of a child having cystic fibrosis if one parent has the disorder and the other parent is heterozygous? | 50%, as one parent (cc) has to pass on the allele, the other parent (Cc) has a 50% risk of passing it on; the child is either Cc or cc |
What is embryo screening? | Tests are carried out on the embryo to diagnose possible disorders |
Why do cells divide by mitosis? | To produce identical cells for growth and to replace cells |
How many chromosomes does a human have in each body cell? | 23 pairs (or 46) |
Which type of cell division produces sex cells? | Meiosis |
What molecule are genes made of cells? | DNA |
What are 'alleles'? | Different forms of a gene |
Why does sexual reproduction result in variation? | The genetic material from two parents is brought together when the sperm and egg nuclei fuse |
Explain why offspring produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical | They are produced by mitosis. Cells from one parent divide to produce identical cells |
What is meant by the term 'genotype'? | The types of genes present in the cells |
What do we mean by a 'heterozygous' individual? | The individual has one dominant and one recessive allele for a condition |
What are the chances of a child having polydactyly if one parent is heterozygous and the other parent is homozygous recessive? | 50%, as the dominant gene controls the condition; a child has a 50:50 chance of inheriting the allele from the heterozygous parent |
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