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Description
Flashcards by harveyagland, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by harveyagland
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| - Protein synthesis is the process by which proteins can be made by making a copy of DNA called mRNA. This is sent from the nucleus to the ribosome where each nucleotide base joins in groups of three with complimentary bases from tRNA and a protein is then produced. | |
| DNA is composed of nucleotide bases which can be sequenced to code for specific amino acids. The bases are A,T,G and C and each base will pair in a ladder known as a double helix. A section of DNA in the strand is known as a chromosome with a centromere for spindle fibres (required for cell division). | Chromosomes carry the same genes but in different forms known as alleles. One gene codes for one specific protein. |
| The complete set of alleles is the complete genetic make-up for the organism, known as the genotype. This is largely responsible for all of the physical features of the organism which are known as the phenotype. | Alterations in the phenotype may result from genetic mutations which occur when some part of the base sequence is altered by some means such as radiation or poor cell division. Other factors also play a part such as nutrition. |
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